Lesson 51: Reward for virtue

Key words and expressions

• reward n.&vt. 奖赏
• virtue 美德
• Hugh 休
• diet 节食
• first of all 首先
• forbid(forbade, forbidden) 禁止
• hurriedly 匆忙地
• embarrassed 尴尬的
• guiltily 内疚地
• strict 严格的
• occasionally adv. 偶尔地
• pay a visit 进行访问

Questions on the text

1. What did Hugh do when he decided to go on a diet?
   1. He wrote out a long list of all the foods which were forbidden.
2. What did Hugh do when the writer entered his room?
   1. He hurriedly hid a large parcel under his desk.
3. Why did Hugh say that he had to reward himself occasionally?
   1. Hugh said he had to reward himself occasionally because the diet was too strict.

Language points

1. My friend, Hugh, has always been fat, but things got so bad recently that he decided to go on a diet.

   1. things(pl.): a particular state of affairs; a situation 情形
      1. How are things going?
   2. go on a diet (be on a diet)
   3. so … that … 如此。。。以致于。。。

2. He wrote out a long list of all the foods which were forbidden.

   1. write out 开出，写出
      1. write out a cheque
   2. foods 各种各样的食物
   3. fruits各种各样的水果/fishes各种各样的鱼

3. The list included most of the things Hugh loves.

   1. The price includes the tax.
   2. including prep. having sth as part of a group or set包括…在内
      1. The band played many songs, including some of my favourites.

4. Yesterday I paid him a visit.

   1. pay a visit: 拜访
   2. pay sb. a visit (pay a visit to sb.)

5. I rang the bell and was not surprised to see that Hugh was still as fat as ever.

   1. as … as ever: 和以往一样

6. It was obvious that he was very embarrassed.

   1. it: 形式主语（先行主语）
   2. embarrassed 过去分词转化为形容词的用法
   3. embarrassing 现在分词形式用来修饰物
      1. His question was very embarrassing.

Key structures and usage

so … that …

1. My friend, Hugh, has always been fat, but things got so bad recently that he decided to go on a diet.
2. He explained that his diet was so strict that he had to reward himself occasionally.

动词在双宾语的结构

1. pay sb a visit/ pay a visit to sb
   1. Yesterday I paid him a visit.
2. show sb sth/ show sth to sb
   1. Then he showed me the contents of the parcel.
   2. Then he showed the contents of the parcel to me.

不可数名词

1. The list included most of the things Hugh loves： butter, potatoes, rice, beer, milk, chocolate, and sweets.
2. It contained five bars of chocolate and three bags of sweets!

a bowel of rice 一碗米饭
a glass of milk 一杯牛奶
a pint of beer 一品脱啤酒（扎）

Extension

virtue 这里指的节制

virtue is its own reward. 美德本身就是美德的报酬。

发胖 put on weight/gain weight
减肥 lose weight
减肥食品 diet food
减肥茶 diet tea

work·out n.   /ˈwɜːkaʊt/
a period of physical exercise that you do to keep fit锻炼
•She does a 20-minute workout every morning.她每天早晨做运动20分钟。