linux下如何模拟按键输入和模拟鼠标
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原地址:http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-23381466-id-3883164.html
driver: linux下如何模拟按键输入和模拟鼠标 2013-09-04 09:02:18
driver: linux下如何模拟按键输入和模拟鼠标 2013-09-04 09:02:18
分类: LINUX
概述:
查看/dev/input/eventX是什么类型的事件, cat /proc/bus/input/devices
设备有着自己特殊的按键键码,我需要将一些标准的按键,比如0-9,X-Z等模拟成标准按键,比如KEY_0,KEY-Z等,所以需要用到按键模拟,具体方法就是操作/dev/input/event1文件,向它写入个input_event结构体就可以模拟按键的输入了。
input_event 说明:
linux/input.h中有定义,这个文件还定义了标准按键的编码等
点击(此处)折叠或打开
- struct input_event {
- struct timeval time; //按键时间
- __u16 type; //类型,在下面有定义
- __u16 code; //要模拟成什么按键
- __s32 value;//是按下还是释放
- };
code:
事件的代码.如果事件的类型代码是EV_KEY,该代码code为设备键盘代码.代码植0~127为键盘上的按键代码,0x110~0x116 为鼠标上按键代码,其中0x110(BTN_LEFT)为鼠标左键,0x111(BTN_RIGHT)为鼠标右键,0x112(BTN_ MIDDLE)为鼠标中键.其它代码含义请参看include/linux/input.h文件. 如果事件的类型代码是EV_REL,code值表示轨迹的类型.如指示鼠标的X轴方向REL_X(代码为0x00),指示鼠标的Y轴方向REL_Y(代码为0x01),指示鼠标中轮子方向REL_WHEEL(代码为0x08).
type:
EV_KEY,键盘
EV_REL,相对坐标
EV_ABS,绝对坐标
value:
事件的值.如果事件的类型代码是EV_KEY,当按键按下时值为1,松开时值为0; 如果事件的类型代码是EV_ REL,value的正数值和负数值分别代表两个不同方向的值.
/*
* Eventtypes
*/
#defineEV_SYN 0x00
#define EV_KEY 0x01 //按键
#defineEV_REL 0x02 //相对坐标(轨迹球)
#defineEV_ABS 0x03 //绝对坐标
#defineEV_MSC 0x04 //其他
#defineEV_SW 0x05
#defineEV_LED 0x11 //LED
#define EV_SND0x12//声音
#defineEV_REP 0x14//repeat
#defineEV_FF 0x15
#defineEV_PWR 0x16
#define EV_FF_STATUS 0x17
#define EV_MAX 0x1f
#define EV_CNT (EV_MAX+1)
kernel里input模块
点击(此处)折叠或打开
- //input_dev结构:
- struct input_dev
- {
- void *private;
- const char *name;
- const char *phys;
- const char *uniq;
- struct input_id id;
- /*
- * 根据各种输入信号的类型来建立类型为unsigned long 的数组,
- * 数组的每1bit代表一种信号类型,
- * 内核中会对其进行置位或清位操作来表示时间的发生和被处理.
- */
- unsigned long evbit[NBITS(EV_MAX)];
- unsigned long keybit[NBITS(KEY_MAX)];
- unsigned long relbit[NBITS(REL_MAX)];
- unsigned long absbit[NBITS(ABS_MAX)];
- unsigned long mscbit[NBITS(MSC_MAX)];
- unsigned long ledbit[NBITS(LED_MAX)];
- unsigned long sndbit[NBITS(SND_MAX)];
- unsigned long ffbit[NBITS(FF_MAX)];
- unsigned long swbit[NBITS(SW_MAX)];
- .........................................
- };
- /**
- * input_set_capability - mark device as capable of a certain event
- * @dev: device that is capable of emitting or accepting event
- * @type: type of the event (EV_KEY, EV_REL, etc...)
- * @code: event code
- *
- * In addition to setting up corresponding bit in appropriate capability
- * bitmap the function also adjusts dev->evbit.
- */
- /* 记录本设备对于哪些事件感兴趣(对其进行处理)*/
- void input_set_capability(struct input_dev *dev, unsigned int type, unsigned int code)
- {
- switch (type)
- {
- case EV_KEY:
- __set_bit(code, dev->keybit);//比如按键,应该对哪些键值的按键进行处理(对于其它按键不予理睬)
- break;
- case EV_REL:
- __set_bit(code, dev->relbit);
- break;
- case EV_ABS:
- __set_bit(code, dev->absbit);
- break;
- case EV_MSC:
- __set_bit(code, dev->mscbit);
- break;
- case EV_SW:
- __set_bit(code, dev->swbit);
- break;
- case EV_LED:
- __set_bit(code, dev->ledbit);
- break;
- case EV_SND:
- __set_bit(code, dev->sndbit);
- break;
- case EV_FF:
- __set_bit(code, dev->ffbit);
- break;
- default:
- printk(KERN_ERR
- "input_set_capability: unknown type %u (code %u)\n",
- type, code);
- dump_stack();
- return;
- }
- __set_bit(type, dev->evbit);//感觉和前面重复了(前面一经配置过一次了)
- }
- EXPORT_SYMBOL(input_set_capability);
- static irqreturn_t gpio_keys_isr(int irq, void *dev_id)
- {
- int i;
- struct platform_device *pdev = dev_id;
- struct gpio_keys_platform_data *pdata = pdev->dev.platform_data;
- struct input_dev *input = platform_get_drvdata(pdev);
- for (i = 0; i < pdata->nbuttons; i++)
- {
- struct gpio_keys_button *button = &pdata->buttons[i];
- int gpio = button->gpio;
- if (irq == gpio_to_irq(gpio)) //判断哪个键被按了?
- {
- unsigned int type = button->type ? : EV_KEY;
- int state = (gpio_get_value(gpio) ? 1 : 0) ^ button->active_low;//记录按键状态
- input_event(input, type, button->code, !!state);//汇报输入事件
- input_sync(input);//等待输入事件处理完成
- }
- }
- return IRQ_HANDLED;
- }
- /*
- * input_event() - report new input event
- * @dev: device that generated the event
- * @type: type of the event
- * @code: event code
- * @value: value of the event
- *
- * This function should be used by drivers implementing various input devices
- * See also input_inject_event()
- */
- void input_event(struct input_dev *dev, unsigned int type, unsigned int code, int value)
- {
- struct input_handle *handle;
- if (type > EV_MAX || !test_bit(type, dev->evbit))//首先判断该事件类型是否有效且为该设备所接受
- return;
- add_input_randomness(type, code, value);
- switch (type)
- {
- case EV_SYN:
- switch (code)
- {
- case SYN_CONFIG:
- if (dev->event)
- dev->event(dev, type, code, value);
- break;
- case SYN_REPORT:
- if (dev->sync)
- return;
- dev->sync = 1;
- break;
- }
- break;
- case EV_KEY:
- /*
- * 这里需要满足几个条件:
- * 1: 键值有效(不超出定义的键值的有效范围)
- * 2: 键值为设备所能接受(属于该设备所拥有的键值范围)
- * 3: 按键状态改变了
- */
- if (code > KEY_MAX || !test_bit(code, dev->keybit) || !!test_bit(code, dev->key) == value)
- return;
- if (value == 2)
- break;
- change_bit(code, dev->key);//改变对应按键的状态
- /* 如果你希望按键未释放的时候不断汇报按键事件的话需要以下这个(在简单的gpio_keys驱动中不需要这个,暂时不去分析) */
- if (test_bit(EV_REP, dev->evbit) && dev->rep[REP_PERIOD] && dev->rep[REP_DELAY] && dev->timer.data && value)
- {
- dev->repeat_key = code;
- mod_timer(&dev->timer, jiffies + msecs_to_jiffies(dev->rep[REP_DELAY]));
- }
- break;
- ........................................................
- if (type != EV_SYN)
- dev->sync = 0;
- if (dev->grab)
- dev->grab->handler->event(dev->grab, type, code, value);
- else
- /*
- * 循环调用所有处理该设备的handle(event,mouse,ts,joy等),
- * 如果有进程打开了这些handle(进行读写),则调用其对应的event接口向气汇报该输入事件.
- */
- list_for_each_entry(handle, &dev->h_list, d_node)
- if (handle->open)
- handle->handler->event(handle, type, code, value);
- }
- }
- EXPORT_SYMBOL(input_event);
- //event层对于input层报告的这个键盘输入事件的处理:
- //drivers / input / evdev.c:
- static struct input_handler evdev_handler =
- {
- .event = evdev_event,
- .connect = evdev_connect,
- .disconnect = evdev_disconnect,
- .fops = &evdev_fops,
- .minor = EVDEV_MINOR_BASE,
- .name = "evdev",
- .id_table = evdev_ids,
- };
Linux 有自己的 input 子系统,可以统一管理鼠标和键盘事件。基于输入子系统 实现的 uinput 可以方便的在用户空间模拟鼠标和键盘事件。
当然,也可以自己造轮子, 做一个字符设备接收用户输入,根据输入,投递 input 事件。
还有一种方式就是直接 往 evnent 里写入数据, 都可以达到控制鼠标键盘的功能。
本篇文章就是演示直接写入 event 的方法。
1。模拟按键输入
点击(此处)折叠或打开
- //其中0表示释放,1按键按下,2表示一直按下
- //0 for EV_KEY for release, 1 for keypress and 2 for autorepeat.
- void simulate_key(int fd, int value)
- {
- struct input_event event;
- event.type = EV_KEY;
- //event.code = KEY_0;//要模拟成什么按键
- event.value = value;//是按下还是释放按键或者重复
- gettimeofday(&event.time, 0);
- if(write(fd, &event, sizeof(event)) < 0)
- {
- dprintk("simulate key error~~~\n");
- return ;
- }
- }
2。模拟鼠标输入(轨迹球)
点击(此处)折叠或打开
- void simulate_mouse(int fd, char buf[4])
- {
- int rel_x, rel_y;
- static struct input_event event, ev;
- //buf[0],buf[2],小于0则为左移,大于0则为右移
- //buf[1],buf[3],小于0则为下移,大于0则为上移
-
- dprintk("MOUSE TOUCH: x1=%d,y1=%d,x2=%d,y2=%d\n", buf[0], buf[1], buf[2], buf[3]);
- rel_x = (buf[0] + buf[2]) / 2;
- rel_y = -(buf[1] + buf[3]) / 2; //和我们的鼠标是相反的方向,所以取反
- event.type = EV_REL;
- event.code = REL_X;
- event.value = rel_x;
- gettimeofday(&event.time, 0);
- if( write(fd, &event, sizeof(event)) != sizeof(event))
- dprintk("rel_x error~~~:%s\n", strerror(errno));
- event.code = REL_Y;
- event.value = rel_y;
- gettimeofday(&event.time, 0);
- if( write(fd, &event, sizeof(event)) != sizeof(event))
- dprintk("rel_y error~~~:%s\n", strerror(errno));
- //一定要刷新空的
- write(fd, &ev, sizeof(ev));
- }
鼠标和键盘文件打开方法:
点击(此处)折叠或打开
- int fd_kbd; // /dev/input/event1
- int fd_mouse; //dev/input/mouse2
- fd_kbd = open("/dev/input/event1", O_RDWR);
- if(fd_kbd <= 0)
- {
- printf("error open keyboard:%s\n", strerror(errno));
- return -1;
- }
- fd_mouse = open("/dev/input/event3", O_RDWR); //如果不行的话,那试试/dev/input/mice
- if(fd_mouse <= 0)
- {
- printf("error open mouse:%s\n", strerror(errno));
- return -2;
- }
/dev/input/mice是鼠标的抽象,代表的是鼠标,也许是/dev/input/mouse,/dev/input/mouse1,或者空, 这个文件一直会存在。 这里你也许会问,我怎么知道/dev/input/eventX这些事件到底是什么事件阿,是鼠标还是键盘或者别的, eventX代表的是所有输入设备(input核心)的事件,比如按键按下,或者鼠标移动,或者游戏遥控器等等, 在系统查看的方法是 cat /proc/bus/input/devices 就可以看到每个eventX是什么设备的事件了。
下面是一个模拟鼠标和键盘输入的例子:
关于这里 open 哪个 event , 可以通过 cat /proc/bus/input/devices
点击(此处)折叠或打开
- #include <string.h>
- #include <stdio.h>
- #include <sys/types.h>
- #include <sys/stat.h>
- #include <fcntl.h>
- #include <linux/input.h>
- #include <linux/uinput.h>
- #include <stdio.h>
- #include <sys/time.h>
- #include <sys/types.h>
- #include <unistd.h>
- void simulate_key(int fd, int kval)
- {
- struct input_event event;
- event.type = EV_KEY;
- event.value = 1;
- event.code = kval;
- gettimeofday(&event.time, 0);
- write(fd, &event, sizeof(event)) ;
- event.type = EV_SYN;
- event.code = SYN_REPORT;
- event.value = 0;
- write(fd, &event, sizeof(event));
- memset(&event, 0, sizeof(event));
- gettimeofday(&event.time, NULL);
- event.type = EV_KEY;
- event.code = kval;
- event.value = 0;
- write(fd, &event, sizeof(event));
- event.type = EV_SYN;
- event.code = SYN_REPORT;
- event.value = 0;
- write(fd, &event, sizeof(event));
- }
- void simulate_mouse(int fd)
- {
- struct input_event event;
- memset(&event, 0, sizeof(event));
- gettimeofday(&event.time, NULL);
- event.type = EV_REL;
- event.code = REL_X;
- event.value = 10;
- write(fd, &event, sizeof(event));
- event.type = EV_REL;
- event.code = REL_Y;
- event.value = 10;
- write(fd, &event, sizeof(event));
- event.type = EV_SYN;
- event.code = SYN_REPORT;
- event.value = 0;
- write(fd, &event, sizeof(event));
- }
- int main()
- {
- int fd_kbd;
- int fd_mouse;
- fd_kbd = open("/dev/input/event1", O_RDWR);
- if(fd_kbd <= 0)
- {
- printf("error open keyboard:\n");
- return -1;
- }
- fd_mouse = open("/dev/input/event2", O_RDWR);
- if(fd_mouse <= 0)
- {
- printf("error open mouse\n");
- return -2;
- }
- int i = 0;
- for(i = 0; i < 10; i++)
- {
- simulate_key(fd_kbd, KEY_A + i);
- simulate_mouse(fd_mouse);
- sleep(1);
- }
- close(fd_kbd);
- }
下面是一个读取 鼠标和键盘事件的例子:
点击(此处)折叠或打开
- #include <stdio.h>
- #include <stdlib.h>
- #include <linux/input.h>
- #include <sys/types.h>
- #include <sys/stat.h>
- #include <fcntl.h>
- #include <unistd.h>
- #include <errno.h>
- static void show_event(struct input_event* event)
- {
- printf("%d %d %d\n", event->type, event->code, event->value);
- return;
- }
- int main(int argc, char* argv[])
- {
- struct input_event event = {{0}, 0};
- const char* file_name = argc == 2 ? argv[1] : "/dev/input/event2";
- int fd = open(file_name, O_RDWR);
- if(fd > 0)
- {
- while(1)
- {
- int ret = read(fd, &event, sizeof(event));
- if(ret == sizeof(event))
- {
- show_event(&event);
- }
- else
- {
- break;
- }
- }
- close(fd);
- }
- return 0;
- }
很多人对于 如何模拟 CTRL + SPACE 感兴趣, 下面也给个例子,呵呵。
点击(此处)折叠或打开
- void simulate_ctrl_space(int fd)
- {
- struct input_event event;
- //先发送一个 CTRL 按下去的事件。
- event.type = EV_KEY;
- event.value = 1;
- event.code = KEY_LEFTCTRL;
- gettimeofday(&event.time, 0);
- write(fd, &event, sizeof(event)) ;
- event.type = EV_SYN;
- event.code = SYN_REPORT;
- event.value = 0;
- write(fd, &event, sizeof(event));
- //先发送一个 SPACE 按下去的事件。
- event.type = EV_KEY;
- event.value = 1;
- event.code = KEY_SPACE;
- gettimeofday(&event.time, 0);
- write(fd, &event, sizeof(event)) ;
- //发送一个 释放 SPACE 的事件
- memset(&event, 0, sizeof(event));
- gettimeofday(&event.time, NULL);
- event.type = EV_KEY;
- event.code = KEY_SPACE;
- event.value = 0;
- write(fd, &event, sizeof(event));
- event.type = EV_SYN;
- event.code = SYN_REPORT;
- event.value = 0;
- write(fd, &event, sizeof(event));
- //发送一个 释放 CTRL 的事件
- memset(&event, 0, sizeof(event));
- gettimeofday(&event.time, NULL);
- event.type = EV_KEY;
- event.code = KEY_LEFTCTRL;
- event.value = 0;
- write(fd, &event, sizeof(event));
- event.type = EV_SYN;
- event.code = SYN_REPORT;
- event.value = 0;
- write(fd, &event, sizeof(event));
- }
浅析linux中鼠标数据读取
点击(此处)折叠或打开
- //我们就是去读/dev/input/mice设备节点,源码如下:
- #include <stdio.h>
- #include <errno.h>
- #include <fcntl.h>
- #include <sys/select.h>
- #include <string.h>
- /* Mouse button bits*/
- #define WHEEL_UP 0x10
- #define WHEEL_DOWN 0x08
- #define BUTTON_L 0x04
- #define BUTTON_M 0x02
- #define BUTTON_R 0x01
- #define SCALE 3 /* default scaling factor for acceleration */
- #define THRESH 5 /* default threshhold for acceleration */
- static int xpos; /* current x position of mouse */
- static int ypos; /* current y position of mouse */
- static int minx; /* minimum allowed x position */
- static int maxx; /* maximum allowed x position */
- static int miny; /* minimum allowed y position */
- static int maxy; /* maximum allowed y position */
- static int buttons; /* current state of buttons */
- static int scale = SCALE; /* acceleration scale factor */
- static int thresh = THRESH;/* acceleration threshhold */
- static int mouse_update(int dx, int dy, int dz);
- static int IMPS2_Read (int *dx, int *dy, int *dz, int *bp);
- static void mouse_setposition (int newx, int newy);
- static void mouse_setrange (int newminx, int newminy, int newmaxx, int newmaxy);
- int mouse_fd;
- int main(void)
- {
- int dx, dy, dz;
- static unsigned char imps2_param [] = {243, 200, 243, 100, 243, 80}; //,242};
- // 来自vnc4的xc/programs/Xserver/hw/xfree86/input/mouse/mouse.c==>PROT_IMPS2
- const char *mdev = "/dev/input/mice";
- mouse_fd = open (mdev, O_RDWR); // | O_NONBLOCK);
- if (mouse_fd < 0)
- {
- printf("[luther.gliethttp]: RW error [please use root user]: %s\n", mdev);
- mouse_fd = open (mdev, O_RDONLY); // | O_NONBLOCK);
- if (mouse_fd < 0)
- return -1;
- }
- else
- {
- write (mouse_fd, imps2_param, sizeof (imps2_param)); // 初始化序列, 这样可以读取4个字节数据
- // 0x80用来表示滚轮向上还是向下滚动
- // 0xa0表示滚轮向上滚动的同时中键按下
- printf("[luther.gliethttp]: imps2_param ok!\n");
- }
- mouse_setrange(0, 0, 1024, 768);
- for (;;)
- {
- IMPS2_Read(&dx, &dy, &dz, &buttons);
- mouse_update(dx, dy, dz);
- mouse_setposition(xpos, ypos);
- printf("[%04d,%04d,0x%04x]\n", xpos, ypos, buttons);
- }
- return 0;
- }
- static int IMPS2_Read (int *dx, int *dy, int *dz, int *bp)
- {
- static unsigned char buf[5];
- static int buttons[7] = { 0, 1, 3, 0, 2, 0, 0}; // 1左键,2中键,3右键
- static int nbytes;
- int n;
- while ((n = read (mouse_fd, &buf [nbytes], 4 - nbytes)))
- {
- if (n < 0)
- {
- if (errno == EINTR)
- continue;
- else
- return -1;
- }
- nbytes += n;
- if (nbytes == 4)
- {
- int wheel;
- // printf("[luther.gliethttp]: %02x %02x %02x %02x\n", buf[0], buf[1], buf[2], buf[3]);
- if ((buf[0] & 0xc0) != 0)
- {
- buf[0] = buf[1];
- buf[1] = buf[2];
- buf[2] = buf[3];
- nbytes = 3;
- return -1;
- }
- /* FORM XFree86 4.0.1 */
- *bp = buttons[(buf[0] & 0x07)];
- *dx = (buf[0] & 0x10) ? buf[1] - 256 : buf[1];
- *dy = (buf[0] & 0x20) ? -(buf[2] - 256) : -buf[2];
- /* Is a wheel event? */
- if ((wheel = buf[3]) != 0)
- {
- if(wheel > 0x7f)
- {
- *bp |= WHEEL_UP;
- }
- else
- {
- *bp |= WHEEL_DOWN;
- }
- }
- *dz = 0;
- nbytes = 0;
- return 1;
- }
- }
- return 0;
- }
- static int mouse_update(int dx, int dy, int dz)
- {
- int r;
- int sign;
- sign = 1;
- if (dx < 0)
- {
- sign = -1;
- dx = -dx;
- }
- if (dx > thresh)
- dx = thresh + (dx - thresh) * scale;
- dx *= sign;
- xpos += dx;
- if( xpos < minx )
- xpos = minx;
- if( xpos > maxx )
- xpos = maxx;
- sign = 1;
- if (dy < 0)
- {
- sign = -1;
- dy = -dy;
- }
- if (dy > thresh)
- dy = thresh + (dy - thresh) * scale;
- dy *= sign;
- ypos += dy;
- if ( ypos < miny )
- ypos = miny;
- if ( ypos > maxy )
- ypos = maxy;
- return 1;
- }
- static void mouse_setposition (int newx, int newy)
- {
- if (newx < minx)
- newx = minx;
- if (newx > maxx)
- newx = maxx;
- if (newy < miny)
- newy = miny;
- if (newy > maxy)
- newy = maxy;
- if (newx == xpos && newy == ypos)
- return;
- xpos = newx;
- ypos = newy;
- }
- static void mouse_setrange (int newminx, int newminy, int newmaxx, int newmaxy)
- {
- minx = newminx;
- miny = newminy;
- maxx = newmaxx;
- maxy = newmaxy;
- mouse_setposition ((newminx + newmaxx) / 2, (newminy + newmaxy) / 2);
- }
- static int mouse_getbutton (void)
- {
- return buttons;
- }
- static void mouse_getxy (int* x, int* y)
- {
- *x = xpos;
- *y = ypos;
- }
GitHub 加速计划 / li / linux-dash
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A beautiful web dashboard for Linux
最近提交(Master分支:3 个月前 )
186a802e
added ecosystem file for PM2 4 年前
5def40a3
Add host customization support for the NodeJS version 4 年前
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