1.官网下载 

http://maven.apache.org/download.cgi  。最新的是apache-maven-3.5.0-bin.tar.gz

2.解压

根据自己需求设计自己的解压文件放置目录

我选择解压到/usr/local/program目录下

cd /usr/local/program

解压apache-maven-3.5.0-bin.tar.gz

tar  -zvxf  /home/zsg/Downloads/apache-maven-3.5.0-bin.tar.gz

解压后的目录是apache-maven-3.5.0，目录名太长改个短点的名字

mv  apache-maven-3.5.0  maven3.5

3.配置环境变量

vi /etc/profile

添加

export MAVEN_HOME=/usr/local/program/maven3.5
export PATH=${PATH}:${MAVEN_HOME}/bin  

让配置生效
source /etc/profile 

4.测试

mvn -v

显示结果

Apache Maven 3.5.0 (ff8f5e7444045639af65f6095c62210b5713f426; 2017-04-03T12:39:06-07:00)
Maven home: /usr/local/program/maven3.5
Java version: 1.8.0_65, vendor: Oracle Corporation
Java home: /usr/local/program/jdk1.8/jre
Default locale: en_US, platform encoding: UTF-8
OS name: "linux", version: "3.10.0-514.26.2.el7.x86_64", arch: "amd64", family: "unix"

5.本地仓库的位置

默认位置: ${user.home}/.m2/repository

windows:C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator\.m2

Linux:/root/.m2

6.配置国内的源

在maven目录下，conf/settings.xml,在<mirrors></mirros>里添加

<mirror>
      <id>nexus-aliyun</id>
      <mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf>
      <name>Nexus aliyun</name>
      <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public</url>
</mirror>

<mirror>
     <id>nexus-osc</id>
     <mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf>
     <name>Nexusosc</name>
     <url>http://maven.oschina.net/content/groups/public/</url>
</mirror>