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前言

本篇介绍了基于Linux平台部署各种软件及应用的集锦

---

📣 1.开发环境

✨ 1.1 JDK环境

JDK是 Java 语言的软件开发工具包，主要用于移动设备、嵌入式设备上的java应用程序

1.下载Linux环境下的jdk1.8
https://www.oracle.com/java/technologies/downloads/#java8

2.JDK压缩包解压
tar -zxvf jdk-8u181-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /usr/local

3.环境变量导入
[root@localhost local]# vim /etc/profile

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_181  #jdk安装目录
export JRE_HOME=${JAVA_HOME}/jre
export CLASSPATH=.:${JAVA_HOME}/lib:${JRE_HOME}/lib:$CLASSPATH
export JAVA_PATH=${JAVA_HOME}/bin:${JRE_HOME}/bin
export PATH=$PATH:${JAVA_PATH}

##环境变量生效
[root@localhost local]# source /etc/profile

##确认安装是否成功
[root@localhost local]# javac
[root@localhost local]# java -version

✨ 1.2 Tomcat环境

tomcat是一个开源的Web应用服务器

1.通过官网下载Tomcat
https://tomcat.apache.org/download-80.cgi

2.上传tomcat安装包解压
tar -xzvf apache-tomcat-8.5.66.tar.gz

3.启动及关闭tomcat
cd进入tomcat目录，然后进入tomcat的bin目录，这里面就有tomcat的启动程序（statrup.sh）和关闭程序（shutdown.sh）

4.访问页面
tomcat启动完以后，为了验证是否能够访问到tomcat首页，我们在浏览器url地址输入ip:8080访问
输入以下命令关闭防火墙：
systemctl stop firewalld           暂时性关闭防火墙
systemctl status firewalld        查看防火墙状态
systemctl disable firewalld      永久关闭防火墙
systemctl start firewalld          开启防火墙

5.web部署
部署Maven项目至tomcat，在pom.xml文件中的打包方式改为war，在build标签中加入一个finalName标签，这就是打包后的名字
war包需要上传到tomcat的webapps包下。

6.server.xml配置
修改tomcat配置文件找到tomcat下conf目录下的server.xml文件，可以修改端口和web工程的路径

    <Service name="Catalina1">
    <Connector port="7777" protocol="HTTP/1.1" maxHttpHeaderSize="65536" 
               connectionTimeout="20000"
               redirectPort="7333" />
    <Connector port="7443" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="7333" />

    <Engine name="Catalina1" defaultHost="localhost">
     
      <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm">
        <!-- This Realm uses the UserDatabase configured in the global JNDI
             resources under the key "UserDatabase".  Any edits
             that are performed against this UserDatabase are immediately
             available for use by the Realm.  -->
        <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"
               resourceName="UserDatabase"/>
      </Realm>

      <Host name="localhost"  appBase="webapps"
            unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">
        <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs"
               prefix="localhost_access_log." suffix=".txt"
               pattern="%h %l %u %t &quot;%r&quot; %s %b" />
	<Context docBase="webReport" path="" reloadable="true" />
      </Host>
    </Engine>
  </Service>

✨ 1.3 Python环境

Python 是荷兰人 Guido van Rossum （吉多·范罗苏姆，中国程序员称其为“龟叔”）在 1990 年初开发的一种解释型编程语言。
这里我们安装python3.6的版本

1.依赖包安装
[root@jeames ~]# yum install -y zlib
[root@jeames ~]# rpm -qa | grep zlib
zlib-1.2.11-17.el8.x86_64
zlib-devel-1.2.11-17.el8.x86_64

2.安装包下载
python官网 https://www.python.org/downloads/release/python-3615/下载安装包即可
安装包为：Python-3.6.15.tgz

3.解压并编译
[root@jeames ~]# tar -zxvf Python-3.6.15.tgz 
[root@jeames ~]#  cd Python-3.6.15/ 
[root@jeames ~]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3 --enable-shared 
[root@jeames ~]#  make  
[root@jeames ~]#  make install
注意：make编译时间比较长，耐心等待

4.OS上设置python的软连接
>[root@jeames ~]# ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3.6 /usr/bin/python
[root@jeames ~]# ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip

5.环境校验
[root@jeames ~]# python -V
[root@jeames ~]# python

此处注意有个个坑，在部署过程中，python升级后,结果导致了yum不可用
[root@jeames ~]# which /usr/bin/yum
/usr/bin/yum
修改/usr/bin/yum中的第一行，#!/usr/libexec/platform-python，替换为#!/usr/bin/python即可
记得要重启服务器哈，之后yum就可以正常使用了

✨ 1.4 PHP安装

即“超文本预处理器”，是在服务器端执行的脚本语言，尤其适用于Web开发并可嵌入HTML中

1.如果服务器为Linux7,自带PHP版本为5.6，需要卸载
[root@jeames ~]# yum remove php* -y

2.安装httpd
yum install httpd -y
systemctl restart httpd
[root@jeames ~]# systemctl status httpd
[root@jeames ~]# systemctl enable httpd
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/httpd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service.
#配置文件
/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
/var/www/html

3.PHP下载
# 官网地址 
https://www.php.net/downloads
# 或国内网站
https://mirrors.sohu.com/php/
#下载php压缩包
wget https://mirrors.sohu.com/php/php-7.4.9.tar.gz


注意：第一次用的php5, 访问zabbix页面一直报错 FIle not found...

4.安装php
# 安装简单依赖
yum remove php* -y
yum install autoconf automake libtool sqlite-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel freetype-devel -y

# 安装php依赖 - oniguruma
[root@jeames ~]# tar xf oniguruma-6.9.7.1.tar.gz
[root@jeames ~]# cd oniguruma-6.9.7.1/
[root@jeames oniguruma-6.9.7.1]# 
[root@jeames oniguruma-6.9.7.1]# autoreconf --install --force
[root@jeames oniguruma-6.9.7.1]# ./configure
[root@jeames oniguruma-6.9.7.1]# make -j4
[root@jeames oniguruma-6.9.7.1]# make install

 /bin/mkdir -p '/usr/local/bin'
 /bin/install -c onig-config '/usr/local/bin'
 /bin/mkdir -p '/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig'
 /bin/install -c -m 644 oniguruma.pc '/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig'
make[2]: Leaving directory `/root/oniguruma-6.9.7.1'
make[1]: Leaving directory `/root/oniguruma-6.9.7.1'

# 安装php依赖 - libzip-1.2
[root@jeames ~]# rpm -qa | grep libzip
libzip-0.10.1-8.el7.x86_64
[root@jeames ~]# rpm -e libzip-0.10.1-8.el7.x86_64

cd ..
wget https://libzip.org/download/libzip-1.2.0.tar.gz
tar xf libzip-1.2.0.tar.gz
cd libzip-1.2.0
./configure
make -j4
make install

 /bin/mkdir -p '/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig'
 /bin/install -c -m 644 libzip.pc '/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig'
make[2]: Leaving directory `/root/libzip-1.2.0'
make[1]: Leaving directory `/root/libzip-1.2.0'


# 安装libjpeg
在libjpeg项目主页上下载源码，解压并进入源码目录，安装包为jpegsrc.v9d.tar.gz
http://www.ijg.org/files/

tar -zxvf jpegsrc.v9d.tar.gz
cd jpeg-9d
./configure
make -j4 && make install

 /usr/bin/mkdir -p '/usr/local/bin'
  /bin/sh ./libtool   --mode=install /usr/bin/install -c cjpeg djpeg jpegtran rdjpgcom wrjpgcom '/usr/local/bin'
libtool: install: /usr/bin/install -c .libs/cjpeg /usr/local/bin/cjpeg
libtool: install: /usr/bin/install -c .libs/djpeg /usr/local/bin/djpeg
libtool: install: /usr/bin/install -c .libs/jpegtran /usr/local/bin/jpegtran
libtool: install: /usr/bin/install -c rdjpgcom /usr/local/bin/rdjpgcom
libtool: install: /usr/bin/install -c wrjpgcom /usr/local/bin/wrjpgcom
/bin/sh /root/jpeg-9d/install-sh -d /usr/local/include
/usr/bin/install -c -m 644 jconfig.h /usr/local/include/jconfig.h
 /usr/bin/mkdir -p '/usr/local/include'
 /usr/bin/install -c -m 644 jerror.h jmorecfg.h jpeglib.h '/usr/local/include'
 /usr/bin/mkdir -p '/usr/local/share/man/man1'
 /usr/bin/install -c -m 644 cjpeg.1 djpeg.1 jpegtran.1 rdjpgcom.1 wrjpgcom.1 '/usr/local/share/man/man1'
 /usr/bin/mkdir -p '/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig'
 /usr/bin/install -c -m 644 libjpeg.pc '/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig'
make[1]: Leaving directory `/root/jpeg-9d'

# 安装php
cd ..
wget https://www.php.net/distributions/php-7.4.29.tar.gz
[root@jeames ~]# tar xf php-7.4.9.tar.gz
[root@jeames ~]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M php   --此处用户创建非常重要
[root@jeames ~]# cd php-7.4.9
[root@jeames php-7.4.9]#

## 记得导入环境变量
export PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig/"

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php7 --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php7/etc --with-mhash --with-openssl --with-mysqli=mysqlnd --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd --with-zlib --enable-bcmath  --enable-gd --with-freetype  --enable-mbstring --enable-ftp --enable-sockets   --with-gettext --enable-session --with-curl  --enable-fpm --with-fpm-user=php --with-fpm-group=php  \
--enable-pdo -enable-tokenizer --with-zip --with-jpeg

出现以下报错
configure: error: Package requirements (libjpeg) were not met:

No package 'libjpeg' found

Consider adjusting the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable if you
installed software in a non-standard prefix.

Alternatively, you may set the environment variables JPEG_CFLAGS
and JPEG_LIBS to avoid the need to call pkg-config.
See the pkg-config man page for more details.

处理方法：一定要导入环境变量

+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
| License:                                                           |
| This software is subject to the PHP License, available in this     |
| distribution in the file LICENSE. By continuing this installation  |
| process, you are bound by the terms of this license agreement.     |
| If you do not agree with the terms of this license, you must abort |
| the installation process at this point.                            |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+

Thank you for using PHP.

## 编译，这个时间比较长
make -j4 && make install

Installing shared extensions:     /usr/local/php7/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20190902/
Installing PHP CLI binary:        /usr/local/php7/bin/
Installing PHP CLI man page:      /usr/local/php7/php/man/man1/
Installing PHP FPM binary:        /usr/local/php7/sbin/
Installing PHP FPM defconfig:     /usr/local/php7/etc/
Installing PHP FPM man page:      /usr/local/php7/php/man/man8/
Installing PHP FPM status page:   /usr/local/php7/php/php/fpm/
Installing phpdbg binary:         /usr/local/php7/bin/
Installing phpdbg man page:       /usr/local/php7/php/man/man1/
Installing PHP CGI binary:        /usr/local/php7/bin/
Installing PHP CGI man page:      /usr/local/php7/php/man/man1/
Installing build environment:     /usr/local/php7/lib/php/build/
Installing header files:          /usr/local/php7/include/php/
Installing helper programs:       /usr/local/php7/bin/
  program: phpize
  program: php-config
Installing man pages:             /usr/local/php7/php/man/man1/
  page: phpize.1
  page: php-config.1
/root/php-7.4.9/build/shtool install -c ext/phar/phar.phar /usr/local/php7/bin/phar.phar
ln -s -f phar.phar /usr/local/php7/bin/phar
Installing PDO headers:           /usr/local/php7/include/php/ext/pdo/


#配置文件改名
cd /usr/local/php7/etc/
cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf
cp php-fpm.d/www.conf.default php-fpm.d/www.conf
#php命令设置软链接
ln -s /usr/local/php7/bin/* /usr/local/bin
ln -s /usr/local/php7/sbin/* /usr/local/sbin
#查看php的版本
[root@jeames etc]# php -v
PHP 7.4.9 (cli) (built: Sep 17 2022 23:51:00) ( NTS )
Copyright (c) The PHP Group
Zend Engine v3.4.0, Copyright (c) Zend Technologies

#杀死当前php进程，重启
killall php-fpm
php-fpm
netstat -antp | grep php-fpm
tail -f /usr/local/php7/var/log/php-fpm.log
netstat -tln | grep 9000
netstat -tln | grep 80


[root@jeames ~]# tail -f /usr/local/php7/var/log/php-fpm.log
[18-Sep-2022 00:21:25] ERROR: [pool www] cannot get uid for user 'php'
[18-Sep-2022 00:21:25] ERROR: FPM initialization failed
[18-Sep-2022 00:22:51] NOTICE: fpm is running, pid 12777
[18-Sep-2022 00:22:51] NOTICE: ready to handle connections
[18-Sep-2022 00:25:32] NOTICE: Terminating ...
[18-Sep-2022 00:25:32] NOTICE: exiting, bye-bye!
[18-Sep-2022 00:26:38] NOTICE: fpm is running, pid 12872
[18-Sep-2022 00:26:38] NOTICE: ready to handle connections


#安装ldap扩展模块
[root@jeames ~]# cd /root/php-7.4.9/ext/ldap
[root@jeames ldap]# find / -name phpize
/root/php-7.4.9/scripts/phpize
/usr/local/bin/phpize

#运行phpize
[root@jeames ldap]# /usr/local/php7/bin/phpize
Configuring for:
PHP Api Version:         20190902
Zend Module Api No:      20190902
Zend Extension Api No:   320190902

#复制库文件
cp -frp /usr/lib64/libldap* /usr/lib/

#安装至/usr/local/php7/bin/php-config
[root@jeames ldap]# ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php7/bin/php-config

#编译安装
[root@jeames ldap]#  make && make install

Build complete.
Don't forget to run 'make test'.

Installing shared extensions:     /usr/local/php7/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20190902/


[root@jeames lib64]# find / -name ldap.so
/root/php-7.4.9/ext/ldap/modules/ldap.so
/root/php-7.4.9/ext/ldap/.libs/ldap.so
/usr/local/php7/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20190902/ldap.so

#修改参数
cd /root/php-7.4.9
cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php7/etc/php.ini

vim /usr/local/php7/etc/php.ini

extension_dir = "/usr/local/php7/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20190902/"
extension=ldap.so

max_execution_time = 300
post_max_size = 16M
max_input_time = 300
date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai  


说明：
1.make clean 是取消编译，后面可以重装
2.make -j4 是用4个CPU同时编译，速度快

📣 2.数据库安装

✨ 2.1 Oracle部署

https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_41645135/category_11595745.html

✨ 2.2 MySQL部署

https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_41645135/category_11595820.html

✨ 2.3 postgreSQL部署

https://jeames.blog.csdn.net/article/details/120052749

✨ 2.4 国产数据库部署

https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_41645135/category_12037141.html

📣 3.Docker安装

1.安装依赖包
yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2
sudo yum-config-manager \
--add-repo \
https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

[root@centos7 ~] yum -y install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io

2.启动 Docker
[root@centos7 ~]# systemctl enable docker
[root@centos7 ~]# systemctl start docker
[root@centos7 ~]# systemctl status docker

3 修改Docker存储位置
默认情况下 Docker的存放位置为：/var/lib/docker
可以通过命令查看具体位置：docker info | grep "Docker Root Dir"
首先停掉 Docker 服务：
systemctl stop docker
然后移动整个/var/lib/docker 目录到目的路径
mkdir -p /root/data
mv /var/lib/docker /root/data/docker
ln -s /root/data/docker /var/lib/docker   --快捷方式