这里介绍 linux ll、cat等命令以管道命令结合awk在结果中输出指定列的操作：

#指定输出第一列和第九列
$ ll | awk -F' ' '{print $1,$9}' #列之间是空格符
$ ll | awk -F',' '{print $1,$9}' #列之间是逗号符

#定输出最后一列
$ ll | awk -F' ' '{print $NF}' #列之间是空格符
$ ll | awk -F',' '{print $NF}' #列之间是逗号符

## ll命名可以由任何单命令或组合命令替换

eg:

[edwetl@edwetl2 workspace]$ ll
total 0
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Mar 11  2019 JOB_ATTRIBUTE_VALUE
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Apr  1 20:16 JOB_C_GLASS
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 May  3  2019 JOB_C_GTM_AFCM
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Apr  1 01:09 JOB_C_INPUT_WHEREABOUTS
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Nov  8 04:46 JOB_C_LCD_AFCM
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Mar 25 05:31 JOB_C_LOT_AFC
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Apr  1 01:20 JOB_C_LOT_FLAG_M
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Mar 13 05:45 JOB_C_LOT_M
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 May  1  2019 JOB_C_MATERIAL_MANAGE_C
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Mar  2 15:30 JOB_C_MATERIAL_MANAGE_M
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Apr  2 01:07 JOB_C_PMS
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Nov  8  2018 JOB_C_PSI
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Apr  1 01:10 JOB_CT_INLINE_C
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Apr  1 08:00 JOB_C_WIP_MM
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 May  3  2019 JOB_C_WO_AFCM
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Dec 28  2017 JOB_D_AD_ATTRIBUTE
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Apr  1 08:03 JOB_D_BALANCE_WIP
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Apr  1 09:10 JOB_D_BALANCE_WMS
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Apr  1 07:50 JOB_D_EQP_AF
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Apr  1 07:50 JOB_D_EQP_C
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Apr  1 07:50 JOB_D_FACTORY
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Apr  1 10:00 JOB_D_PMS_DAILY_CHECK
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Apr  1 07:50 JOB_D_PRODUCT
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Apr  1 07:50 JOB_D_REFERENCE
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Apr  1 07:50 JOB_D_USER
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Apr  1 08:08 JOB_DWS_PSI_AFCM
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Apr  1 01:05 JOB_DWT_LOT_HIS_M_REPAIR
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Apr  1 08:17 JOB_DWT_TRANS_MLOT
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Feb 20 07:02 JOB_EQP_STATE_A
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 May  3  2019 JOB_EQP_STATE_C
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Mar 22 02:02 JOB_EQP_STATE_F
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Jun  1  2019 JOB_H_EQP_AFC
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Apr  1 01:10 JOB_H_ESD_GLASS_HISTORY
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Apr  2 02:03 JOB_H_FIDS_C
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Apr  1 01:20 JOB_H_GTM_AFCM
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Nov  7 14:01 JOB_H_LOT_AFC
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Mar 15 22:11 JOB_H_LOT_OQC
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Apr  1 01:05 JOB_H_MATERIAL_COATING
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 May  3  2019 JOB_H_MATERIAL_MANAGE_AF
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Mar 22  2018 JOB_H_MATERIAL_MANAGE_C
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Dec 24 10:01 JOB_H_PNL_AFCM
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Apr  1 01:20 JOB_H_PORT_AFCM
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Apr  2 01:05 JOB_H_RECIPE_AFC
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Apr  1 01:20 JOB_H_RECIPE_M
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Dec 24 10:31 JOB_H_TRANS_LOT_AFCM
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 May  3  2019 JOB_H_WO_AFCM
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Aug  9  2018 JOB_INOUT_AFC
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Apr  1 01:07 JOB_INOUT_M
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Nov  7 13:59 JOB_INPUT_M
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Mar 22 08:10 JOB_MATERIEL_STORAGE
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Apr  1 01:25 JOB_M_B_REPAIR_PNL
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Mar 12 08:05 JOB_MOVE_AFC
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Apr  1 09:09 JOB_MOVE_M
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Apr  1 01:12 JOB_M_WIP_MOVE_SUMMARY_C
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Apr  5 01:17 JOB_M_WIP_MOVE_SUMMARY_C_QUARTER
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Mar 26 14:03 JOB_OUTPUT_AFC
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 May  3  2019 JOB_OUTPUT_M
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Mar 13 01:03 JOB_REWORK_AFC
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Jul 25  2019 JOB_REWORK_M
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Jul  1  2019 JOB_SAMPLING_AFCM
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Apr  2 02:03 JOB_SCRAP_M
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Apr  9 17:47 JOB_SHIP_JUDGE_M
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Mar 11 08:16 JOB_TACT_TIME_AFCM
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Jan  9  2018 JOB_WIP_EOH_GLS_H
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Jan  9  2018 JOB_WIP_EOH_GLS_S
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Apr  1 01:06 JOB_WIP_EOH_H
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Apr  1 08:06 JOB_WIP_EOH_S
drwxrwxr-x 2 edwetl edwetl 6 Apr  1 01:05 JOB_WMS_PNL_M

[edwetl@edwetl2 workspace]$ ll | awk -F' ' '{print $1,$9}'
total
drwxrwxr-x JOB_ATTRIBUTE_VALUE
drwxrwxr-x JOB_C_GLASS
drwxrwxr-x JOB_C_GTM_AFCM
drwxrwxr-x JOB_C_INPUT_WHEREABOUTS
drwxrwxr-x JOB_C_LCD_AFCM
drwxrwxr-x JOB_C_LOT_AFC
drwxrwxr-x JOB_C_LOT_FLAG_M
drwxrwxr-x JOB_C_LOT_M
drwxrwxr-x JOB_C_MATERIAL_MANAGE_C
drwxrwxr-x JOB_C_MATERIAL_MANAGE_M
drwxrwxr-x JOB_C_PMS
drwxrwxr-x JOB_C_PSI
drwxrwxr-x JOB_CT_INLINE_C
drwxrwxr-x JOB_C_WIP_MM
drwxrwxr-x JOB_C_WO_AFCM
drwxrwxr-x JOB_D_AD_ATTRIBUTE
drwxrwxr-x JOB_D_BALANCE_WIP
drwxrwxr-x JOB_D_BALANCE_WMS
drwxrwxr-x JOB_D_EQP_AF
drwxrwxr-x JOB_D_EQP_C
drwxrwxr-x JOB_D_FACTORY
drwxrwxr-x JOB_D_PMS_DAILY_CHECK
drwxrwxr-x JOB_D_PRODUCT
drwxrwxr-x JOB_D_REFERENCE
drwxrwxr-x JOB_D_USER
drwxrwxr-x JOB_DWS_PSI_AFCM
drwxrwxr-x JOB_DWT_LOT_HIS_M_REPAIR
drwxrwxr-x JOB_DWT_TRANS_MLOT
drwxrwxr-x JOB_EQP_STATE_A
drwxrwxr-x JOB_EQP_STATE_C
drwxrwxr-x JOB_EQP_STATE_F
drwxrwxr-x JOB_H_EQP_AFC
drwxrwxr-x JOB_H_ESD_GLASS_HISTORY
drwxrwxr-x JOB_H_FIDS_C
drwxrwxr-x JOB_H_GTM_AFCM
drwxrwxr-x JOB_H_LOT_AFC
drwxrwxr-x JOB_H_LOT_OQC
drwxrwxr-x JOB_H_MATERIAL_COATING
drwxrwxr-x JOB_H_MATERIAL_MANAGE_AF
drwxrwxr-x JOB_H_MATERIAL_MANAGE_C
drwxrwxr-x JOB_H_PNL_AFCM
drwxrwxr-x JOB_H_PORT_AFCM
drwxrwxr-x JOB_H_RECIPE_AFC
drwxrwxr-x JOB_H_RECIPE_M
drwxrwxr-x JOB_H_TRANS_LOT_AFCM
drwxrwxr-x JOB_H_WO_AFCM
drwxrwxr-x JOB_INOUT_AFC
drwxrwxr-x JOB_INOUT_M
drwxrwxr-x JOB_INPUT_M
drwxrwxr-x JOB_MATERIEL_STORAGE
drwxrwxr-x JOB_M_B_REPAIR_PNL
drwxrwxr-x JOB_MOVE_AFC
drwxrwxr-x JOB_MOVE_M
drwxrwxr-x JOB_M_WIP_MOVE_SUMMARY_C
drwxrwxr-x JOB_M_WIP_MOVE_SUMMARY_C_QUARTER
drwxrwxr-x JOB_OUTPUT_AFC
drwxrwxr-x JOB_OUTPUT_M
drwxrwxr-x JOB_REWORK_AFC
drwxrwxr-x JOB_REWORK_M
drwxrwxr-x JOB_SAMPLING_AFCM
drwxrwxr-x JOB_SCRAP_M
drwxrwxr-x JOB_SHIP_JUDGE_M
drwxrwxr-x JOB_TACT_TIME_AFCM
drwxrwxr-x JOB_WIP_EOH_GLS_H
drwxrwxr-x JOB_WIP_EOH_GLS_S
drwxrwxr-x JOB_WIP_EOH_H
drwxrwxr-x JOB_WIP_EOH_S
drwxrwxr-x JOB_WMS_PNL_M

[edwetl@edwetl2 workspace]$ ll | awk -F' ' '{print $NF}'
0
JOB_ATTRIBUTE_VALUE
JOB_C_GLASS
JOB_C_GTM_AFCM
JOB_C_INPUT_WHEREABOUTS
JOB_C_LCD_AFCM
JOB_C_LOT_AFC
JOB_C_LOT_FLAG_M
JOB_C_LOT_M
JOB_C_MATERIAL_MANAGE_C
JOB_C_MATERIAL_MANAGE_M
JOB_C_PMS
JOB_C_PSI
JOB_CT_INLINE_C
JOB_C_WIP_MM
JOB_C_WO_AFCM
JOB_D_AD_ATTRIBUTE
JOB_D_BALANCE_WIP
JOB_D_BALANCE_WMS
JOB_D_EQP_AF
JOB_D_EQP_C
JOB_D_FACTORY
JOB_D_PMS_DAILY_CHECK
JOB_D_PRODUCT
JOB_D_REFERENCE
JOB_D_USER
JOB_DWS_PSI_AFCM
JOB_DWT_LOT_HIS_M_REPAIR
JOB_DWT_TRANS_MLOT
JOB_EQP_STATE_A
JOB_EQP_STATE_C
JOB_EQP_STATE_F
JOB_H_EQP_AFC
JOB_H_ESD_GLASS_HISTORY
JOB_H_FIDS_C
JOB_H_GTM_AFCM
JOB_H_LOT_AFC
JOB_H_LOT_OQC
JOB_H_MATERIAL_COATING
JOB_H_MATERIAL_MANAGE_AF
JOB_H_MATERIAL_MANAGE_C
JOB_H_PNL_AFCM
JOB_H_PORT_AFCM
JOB_H_RECIPE_AFC
JOB_H_RECIPE_M
JOB_H_TRANS_LOT_AFCM
JOB_H_WO_AFCM
JOB_INOUT_AFC
JOB_INOUT_M
JOB_INPUT_M
JOB_MATERIEL_STORAGE
JOB_M_B_REPAIR_PNL
JOB_MOVE_AFC
JOB_MOVE_M
JOB_M_WIP_MOVE_SUMMARY_C
JOB_M_WIP_MOVE_SUMMARY_C_QUARTER
JOB_OUTPUT_AFC
JOB_OUTPUT_M
JOB_REWORK_AFC
JOB_REWORK_M
JOB_SAMPLING_AFCM
JOB_SCRAP_M
JOB_SHIP_JUDGE_M
JOB_TACT_TIME_AFCM
JOB_WIP_EOH_GLS_H
JOB_WIP_EOH_GLS_S
JOB_WIP_EOH_H
JOB_WIP_EOH_S
JOB_WMS_PNL_M
[edwetl@edwetl2 workspace]$