RedHat Enterprise Linux6.4 使用CentOS yum源
- [admin@server1 ~]$ uname -a
- Linux server1 2.6.32-358.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Jan 29 11:47:41 EST 2013 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
原文:http://blog.csdn.net/zhngjan/article/details/20843465
在使用redhat linux的yum来安装或者更新软件的时候会提示
- [admin@server1 ~]$ sudo yum install gcc
- Loaded plugins: product-id, refresh-packagekit, security, subscription-manager
- This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
- Setting up Install Process
- No package gcc available.
- Error: Nothing to do
[注]请以root身份操作
由于 redhat的yum在线更新是收费的,如果没有注册的话不能使用,如果要使用,需将redhat的yum卸载后,重启安装,再配置其他源解决办法:
1、首先到http://mirrors.163.com/centos下载软件包
x86 地址:http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/i386/Packages/
x86_64 地址:http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/
必要下载的软件包有(以64位系统为例):
1> python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm
2> yum-3.2.29-40.el6.centos.noarch.rpm
3> yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm
4> yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-14.el6.noarch.rpm
下载命令:
- wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm
- wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm
- wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-3.2.29-40.el6.centos.noarch.rpm
- wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-14.el6.noarch.rpm
[注] :版本不一定要最新的(http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/ 查找对应版本)
2、卸载RedHat自带的yum
- rpm -qa | grep yum | xargs rpm -e --nodeps
注:1> xargs是一条Unix和类Unix操作系统的常用命令。它的作用是将参数列表转换成小块分段传递给其他命令,以避免参数列表过长的问题
2> --nodeps 强制卸载,不管依赖性
3、安装下载的centos的yum包:
- rpm -ivh python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm
- rpm -ivh yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm
- rpm -ivh yum-3.2.29-40.el6.centos.noarch.rpm yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-14.el6.noarch.rpm
[注] :最后2个需要一起安装,否则会出现依赖性错误
4、到http://mirrors.163.com的 centos帮助文档 中下载CentOS6-Base-163.repo文件,存放到/etc/yum.repo.d中
- wget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS6-Base-163.repo
5、编辑CentOS6-Base-163.repo文件,将其中的$releasever更改为centos的版本号
下面是修改好的:
- # CentOS-Base.repo
- #
- # The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
- # update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
- # geographically close to the client. You should use this for CentOS updates
- # unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
- #
- # If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the
- # remarked out baseurl= line instead.
- #
- #
- [base]
- name=CentOS-6.5 - Base - 163.com
- baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.5/os/$basearch/
- #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6.5&arch=$basearch&repo=os
- gpgcheck=1
- gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
- #released updates
- [updates]
- name=CentOS-6.5 - Updates - 163.com
- baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.5/updates/$basearch/
- #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6.5&arch=$basearch&repo=updates
- gpgcheck=1
- gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
- #additional packages that may be useful
- [extras]
- name=CentOS-6.5 - Extras - 163.com
- baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.5/extras/$basearch/
- #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6.5&arch=$basearch&repo=extras
- gpgcheck=1
- gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
- #additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
- [centosplus]
- name=CentOS-6.5 - Plus - 163.com
- baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.5/centosplus/$basearch/
- #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6.5&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus
- gpgcheck=1
- enabled=0
- gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
- #contrib - packages by Centos Users
- [contrib]
- name=CentOS-6.5 - Contrib - 163.com
- baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.5/contrib/$basearch/
- #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6.5&arch=$basearch&repo=contrib
- gpgcheck=1
- enabled=0
- gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
6、yum clean all 清除原有缓存
7、yum makecache 获取yum列表
出现下面提示,表示yum更改完成:
Metadata Cache Created
脚本:
- #!/bin/bash
- PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:~/bin
- export PATH
- # Check if user is root
- if [ $(id -u) != "0" ]; then
- echo "Error: You must be root to run this script"
- exit 1
- fi
- clear
- echo "========================================================================="
- echo "Replace Redhat Enterprise Yum to CentOS Yum and Repos, Written by Licess"
- echo "========================================================================="
- # uninstall rhel yum
- echo "Uninstall Rhel Yum......"
- rpm -qa|grep yum|xargs rpm -e --nodeps
- # delete old rpm
- echo "Clean old cache......"
- rm -rf python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm
- rm -rf yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm
- rm -rf yum-3.2.29-40.el6.centos.noarch.rpm
- rm -rf yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-14.el6.noarch.rpm
- # download CentOS Yum
- echo "Download Python-iniparse......"
- wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6. ... -2.1.el6.noarch.rpm
- echo "Download yum-metadata-parse......"
- wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6. ... 2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm
- echo "Download yum......"
- wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6. ... 6.centos.noarch.rpm
- echo "Download yum fastmirror......"
- wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6. ... 0-14.el6.noarch.rpm
- # install CentOS Yum
- echo "Installing......"
- rpm -ivh python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm
- rpm -ivh yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm
- rpm -ivh yum-3.2.29-40.el6.centos.noarch.rpm yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-14.el6.noarch.rpm
- # replace repos
- rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
- echo "[base]
- name=CentOS-6.5 - Base - 163.com
- baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.5/os/x86_64/
- #mirrorlist=http://mirrors.163.com/?release=6.5&arch=$basearch&repo=os
- gpgcheck=1
- gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
- #released updates
- [updates]
- name=CentOS-6.5 - Updates - 163.com
- baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.5/updates/x86_64/
- #mirrorlist=http://mirrors.163.com/?release=6.5&arch=$basearch&repo=updates
- gpgcheck=1
- gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
- #additional packages that may be useful
- [extras]
- name=CentOS-6.5 - Extras - 163.com
- baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.5/extras/x86_64/
- #mirrorlist=http://mirrors.163.com/?release=6.5&arch=$basearch&repo=extras
- gpgcheck=1
- gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
- #additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
- [centosplus]
- name=CentOS-6.5 - Plus - 163.com
- baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.5/centosplus/x86_64/
- #mirrorlist=http://mirrors.163.com/?release=6.5&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus
- gpgcheck=1
- enabled=0
- gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
- #contrib - packages by Centos Users
- [contrib]
- name=CentOS-6.5 - Contrib - 163.com
- baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6.5/contrib/x86_64/
- #mirrorlist=http://mirrors.163.com/?release=6.5&arch=$basearch&repo=contrib
- gpgcheck=1
- enabled=0
- gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6" >> /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
- #####
- yum clean all
- yum makecache
- yum update
- echo "=========================================================================="
- echo "You have successfully replace RedhatEnterprise Yum to CentOS yum and repos"
- echo "=========================================================================="
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