UE4与WEB服务器交互(json)
概述
制作游戏在很多情况下需要和WEB服务器进行交互,最常见的是在做Demo时需要通过游戏向WEB服务器传递数据(登录/注册验请求),WEB服务器处理(操作数据库)之后返回结果并调用指定的方法。 该教程简单介绍了如何通过UE4向WEB服务器(PHP)发送json数据包及回调方法。
添加模块和头文件引用
在代码编辑器中打开项目解决方案,在/Source/路径下,找到并打开.Build.cs文件,添加HTTP模块:
PrivateDependencyModuleNames.AddRange(new string[] {"HTTP"});
PrivateIncludePathModuleNames.AddRange(new string[] {"HTTP"});
然后在需要实现该功能的类文件中添加如下的头文件引用:
#include "Http.h"
#include "Json.h"
创建json数据包
数据内容为:
{ "user" : "StormUnited"}
创建:
// Create a writer and hold it in this FString
FString JsonStr;
TSharedRef< TJsonWriter<TCHAR, TCondensedJsonPrintPolicy<TCHAR> > > JsonWriter = TJsonWriterFactory<TCHAR, TCondensedJsonPrintPolicy<TCHAR> >::Create(&JsonStr);
JsonWriter->WriteObjectStart();
JsonWriter->WriteValue(TEXT("user"), TEXT("StormUnited"));
JsonWriter->WriteObjectEnd();
// Close the writer and finalize the output such that JsonStr has what we want
JsonWriter->Close();
至此,json数据包准备完成。
准备接收json数据包的PHP网页
本示例中使用了PHP,你可以选择使用搭建动态网站或者服务器的开源软件,比如说wamp/lamp等在本机上建立一个WEB服务器来解析PHP页面。 创建mywebpage.php文件,并添加如下代码:
<?php
// 首先接收上传的数据
$post_data = file_get_contents('php://input');
// 解析json字符串
$obj = json_decode($post_data);
// 获取包含在Json字符串中的数据
echo $obj->{'user'};
?>
POST数据
将通过如下的代码将上面准备好的json数据包提交给 http://localhost/mywebpage.php
SetHeader:可以设置POST数据的格式
SetURL:可以指定用于处理上传数据的链接
SetVerb:可以设置POST/PUT/GET
SetContentAsString:用于填充上传的数据内容
OnProcessRequestComplete().BindUObject 用于指定在发送请求之后的回调方法。
TSharedRef<IHttpRequest> HttpRequest = FHttpModule::Get().CreateRequest();
HttpRequest->SetHeader(TEXT("Content-Type"), TEXT("application/json; charset=utf-8"));
HttpRequest->SetURL(TEXT("http://localhost/mywebpage.php"));
HttpRequest->SetVerb(TEXT("POST"));
HttpRequest->SetContentAsString(JsonStr);
HttpRequest->OnProcessRequestComplete().BindUObject(this, &ASUMiniGameMode::HttpCompleteCallback);
HttpRequest->ProcessRequest();
关于回调函数的结构:void HttpCompleteCallback(FHttpRequestPtr Request, FHttpResponsePtr Response, bool bWasSuccessful); 示例:
void ASUMiniGameMode::HttpCompleteCallback(FHttpRequestPtr Request, FHttpResponsePtr Response, bool bWasSuccessful)
{
FString MessageBody = "";
// If HTTP fails client-side, this will still be called but with a NULL shared pointer!
if (!Response.IsValid())
{
MessageBody = "{\"success\":\"Error: Unable to process HTTP Request!\"}";
}
else if (EHttpResponseCodes::IsOk(Response->GetResponseCode()))
{
MessageBody = Response->GetContentAsString();
}
else
{
MessageBody = FString::Printf(TEXT("{\"success\":\"HTTP Error: %d\"}"), Response->GetResponseCode());
}
}
一旦发送出请求后肯定会调用HttpCompleteCallback方法,WEB服务器处理的数据结果包含在Response参数中,可以通过Response->GetContentAsString()来获取返回的字符串,比如在本例中是StormUnited。
常见问题及参考
https://answers.unrealengine.com/questions/4383/sending-an-fstring-via-sockets.html
https://answers.unrealengine.com/questions/4406/need-help-with-json-objects.html
https://answers.unrealengine.com/questions/2830/best-way-to-perform-a-http-request.html
https://answers.unrealengine.com/questions/3530/does-httprequest-use-httpmanager-by-default.html
https://answers.unrealengine.com/questions/2830/best-way-to-perform-a-http-request.html
https://answers.unrealengine.com/questions/23170/making-http-calls.html
https://answers.unrealengine.com/questions/31079/http%E9%80%9A%E4%BF%A1%E3%81%AB%E3%81%A4%E3%81%84%E3%81%A6.html
https://answers.unrealengine.com/questions/26704/trouble-deserializing-json.html
https://answers.unrealengine.com/questions/2830/best-way-to-perform-a-http-request.html
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