C++通过jsoncpp类库读写JSON文件
转自:http://blog.csdn.net/tennysonsky/article/details/48809835
JSON是一个轻量级的数据定义格式,比起XML易学易用,而扩展功能不比XML差多少,用之进行数据交换是一个很好的选择。JSON的全称为:JavaScript Object Notation ,顾名思义,JSON是用于标记javascript对象的,详情参考http://www.json.org/。
本教程选择第三方库jsoncpp来解析json, jsoncpp是比较出名的c++解析库,在json官网也是首推的。
jsoncpp下载地址:http://download.csdn.net/detail/tennysonsky/
下载源码解压之后得到jsoncpp-src-0.5.0文件夹,我们只需要jsoncpp的头文件和cpp文件,其中jsonscpp的头文件位于jsoncpp-src-0.5.0\include\json,jsoncpp的cpp文件位于jsoncpp-src-0.5.0\src\lib_json。
json: json操作所需的头文件,此文件夹名字不能修改,因为lib_json目录中所对应的.cpp里面包含头文件形式是这样:#include <json/xxx.h>。
lib_json:json操作所需的cpp文件,此文件夹名字可根据需要自行命名。
把json和lib_json拷贝出来放在你需要编写代码的目录中(注意:json 和 lib_json 要在同一级目录):
编译代码时,需要把lib_json目录中的cpp文件加入编译条件中:
1)从字符串中读取JSON
- #include <string>
- #include <json/json.h>
- #include <iostream>
- #include <fstream>
- using namespace std;
- void readStrJson(); //从字符串中读取JSON
- void readStrProJson(); //从字符串中读取JSON(内容复杂些)
- int main(int argc, char *argv[])
- {
- readStrJson();
- cout << "\n\n";
- readStrProJson();
- return 0;
- }
- //从字符串中读取JSON
- void readStrJson()
- {
- //字符串
- const char* str =
- "{\"praenomen\":\"Gaius\",\"nomen\":\"Julius\",\"cognomen\":\"Caezar\","
- "\"born\":-100,\"died\":-44}";
- /*
- //json内容如下:
- {
- "praenomen":"Gaius",
- "nomen":"Julius",
- "cognomen":"Caezar",
- "born":-100,
- "died":-44
- }
- */
- Json::Reader reader;
- Json::Value root;
- //从字符串中读取数据
- if(reader.parse(str,root))
- {
- string praenomen = root["praenomen"].asString();
- string nomen = root["nomen"].asString();
- string cognomen = root["cognomen"].asString();
- int born = root["born"].asInt();
- int died = root["died"].asInt();
- cout << praenomen + " " + nomen + " " + cognomen
- << " was born in year " << born
- << ", died in year " << died << endl;
- }
- }
- //从字符串中读取JSON(内容复杂些)
- void readStrProJson()
- {
- string strValue = "{\"name\":\"json\",\"array\":[{\"cpp\":\"jsoncpp\"},{\"java\":\"jsoninjava\"},{\"php\":\"support\"}]}";
- /*
- //json内容如下:
- {
- "name": "json″,
- "array": [
- {
- "cpp": "jsoncpp"
- },
- {
- "java": "jsoninjava"
- },
- {
- "php": "support"
- }
- ]
- }
- */
- Json::Reader reader;
- Json::Value value;
- if (reader.parse(strValue, value))
- {
- string out = value["name"].asString();
- cout << out << endl;
- const Json::Value arrayObj = value["array"];
- for (unsigned int i = 0; i < arrayObj.size(); i++)
- {
- if (!arrayObj[i].isMember("cpp"))
- continue;
- out = arrayObj[i]["cpp"].asString();
- cout << out;
- if (i != (arrayObj.size() - 1))
- cout << endl;
- }
- }
- }
编译运行结果如下:
2)从文件中读取JSON
- #include <string>
- #include <json/json.h>
- #include <iostream>
- #include <fstream>
- using namespace std;
- void readFileJson(); //从文件中读取JSON,一个存储了JSON格式字符串的文件
- int main(int argc, char *argv[])
- {
- readFileJson();
- return 0;
- }
- //从文件中读取JSON
- void readFileJson()
- {
- Json::Reader reader;
- Json::Value root;
- //从文件中读取,保证当前文件有test.json文件
- ifstream in("test.json", ios::binary);
- //in.open("test.json", ios::binary);
- if( !in.is_open() )
- {
- cout << "Error opening file\n";
- return;
- }
- /*
- //test.json内容如下:
- {
- "name":"Tsybius",
- "age":23,
- "sex_is_male":true,
- "partner":
- {
- "partner_name":"Galatea",
- "partner_age":21,
- "partner_sex_is_male":false
- },
- "achievement":["ach1","ach2","ach3"]
- }
- */
- if(reader.parse(in,root))
- {
- //读取根节点信息
- string name = root["name"].asString();
- int age = root["age"].asInt();
- bool sex_is_male = root["sex_is_male"].asBool();
- cout << "My name is " << name << endl;
- cout << "I'm " << age << " years old" << endl;
- cout << "I'm a " << (sex_is_male ? "man" : "woman") << endl;
- //读取子节点信息
- string partner_name = root["partner"]["partner_name"].asString();
- int partner_age = root["partner"]["partner_age"].asInt();
- bool partner_sex_is_male = root["partner"]["partner_sex_is_male"].asBool();
- cout << "My partner's name is " << partner_name << endl;
- cout << (partner_sex_is_male ? "he" : "she") << " is "
- << partner_age << " years old" << endl;
- //读取数组信息
- cout << "Here's my achievements:" << endl;
- for(unsigned int i = 0; i < root["achievement"].size(); i++)
- {
- string ach = root["achievement"][i].asString();
- cout << ach << '\t';
- }
- cout << endl;
- cout << "Reading Complete!" << endl;
- }
- else
- {
- cout << "parse error\n" << endl;
- }
- in.close();
- }
test.json文件内容如下:
- {
- "name":"Mike Jiang",
- "age":23,
- "sex_is_male":true,
- "partner":
- {
- "partner_name":"Galatea",
- "partner_age":21,
- "partner_sex_is_male":false
- },
- "achievement":["ach1","ach2","ach3"]
- }
编译运行结果如下:
3)将信息保存为JSON格式
- #include <string>
- #include <json/json.h>
- #include <iostream>
- #include <fstream>
- using namespace std;
- void writeFileJson();//将信息保存为JSON格式
- int main(int argc, char *argv[])
- {
- writeFileJson();
- return 0;
- }
- //将信息保存为JSON格式
- void writeFileJson()
- {
- //根节点
- Json::Value root;
- //根节点属性
- root["name"] = Json::Value("Mike Jiang");
- root["age"] = Json::Value(23);
- root["sex_is_male"] = Json::Value(true);
- //子节点
- Json::Value partner;
- //子节点属性
- partner["partner_name"] = Json::Value("Galatea");
- partner["partner_age"] = Json::Value(21);
- partner["partner_sex_is_male"] = Json::Value(false);
- //子节点挂到根节点上
- root["partner"] = Json::Value(partner);
- //数组形式
- root["achievement"].append("ach1");
- root["achievement"].append("ach2");
- root["achievement"].append("ach3");
- //直接输出
- cout << "FastWriter:" << endl;
- Json::FastWriter fw;
- cout << fw.write(root) << endl << endl;
- //缩进输出
- cout << "StyledWriter:" << endl;
- Json::StyledWriter sw;
- cout << sw.write(root) << endl << endl;
- //输出到文件
- ofstream os;
- os.open("demo.json");
- os << sw.write(root);
- os.close();
- /*
- //json文件内容如下:
- {
- "achievement" : [ "ach1", "ach2", "ach3" ],
- "age" : 23,
- "name" : "Mike Jiang",
- "partner" : {
- "partner_age" : 21,
- "partner_name" : "Galatea",
- "partner_sex_is_male" : false
- },
- "sex_is_male" : true
- }
- */
- }
编译运行结果如下:
生成的demo.json文件内容如下:
本教程示例代码下载请点此链接:http://download.csdn.net/detail/tennysonsky
参考资料:
http://www.cnblogs.com/ggjucheng
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