(1) requests：数据爬取，import requests

(2) lxml中的xpath：数据解析，from lxml import etree

(3) json：数据存储，import json

  下面直接放代码：

# json + lxml + xpath + requests 爬取 “糗事百科”
from lxml import etree
import requests
import json

class QiuShiBK(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.init_url = "https://www.qiushibaike.com/text/page/{}/"
        self.headers = {'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/84.0.4147.13 Safari/537.36'}

    def get_url_list(self):  #根据url地址的规律，通过列表生成式 构造url_list
        url_list = [self.init_url.format(i) for i in range(1, 14)]
        return url_list

    def parse_url(self,url):#发送requests请求
        response = requests.get(url,headers=self.headers)
        response.raise_for_status()
        return  response.content.decode('UTF-8')

    def get_content_list(self,html_str):
        content_list = []
        html = etree.HTML(html_str)
        #1. 按div分组
        div_list = html.xpath("//div[@class='col1 old-style-col1']/div")
        for div in div_list:
            item = {}
            item["girl_name"] = div.xpath(".//h2/text()")[0].strip() if len(div.xpath(".//h2/text()"))>0 else None
            item["girl_content"] = div.xpath(".//div[@class='content']/span/text()")  #因为不知道列表中是否只有一个元素，所以不同其他几个  直接【0】
            item["girl_content"] = [i.strip() for i in item["girl_content"]]
            item["girl_content"] = "".join(item["girl_content"])
            item["girl_laugh"] = div.xpath(".//span[@class='stats-vote']/i/text()")[0].strip() #if len(div.xpath(".//span[@class='stats-vote']/i/text()"))>0 else None
            item["girl_comment"] = div.xpath(".//span[@class='stats-comments']//i/text()")[0] #if len(div.xpath(".//span[@class='stats-comments']//i/text()"))>0 else None
            content_list.append(item)
        return content_list

    def save_content_list(self,content_list):
        with open('qiushi.txt','a',encoding='UTF-8') as f:
            for content in content_list:
                f.write(json.dumps(content,ensure_ascii=False))
                f.write("\n")
        print("保存成功")


    def run(self):
        #1.根据url地址规律，拼接url
        #2.发送requests请求
        #3.提取数据
        #4.保存数据
        for url in self.get_url_list(): #1.根据url地址规律，拼接url
            html_str = self.parse_url(url) #2.发送requests请求
            content_list = self.get_content_list(html_str)  #3.提取数据
            self.save_content_list(content_list) #4.保存数据



if __name__ == '__main__':
    qiushi = QiuShiBK()
    qiushi.run()