效果图：

需求如下：
1、只存在年份区间选择，不需要月和日期
2、初始年份定位到可选年份区间，而不是系统默认时间

 <a-form-model-item label="年份" class="ele-input">
        <el-date-picker
            v-model="curStartYear"
            type="year"
            :picker-options="startPickerOptions"
            format="yyyy"
            value-format="yyyy"
            @change="handleChangeStart"
            :default-value="defaultValue"
        >
        </el-date-picker>
        ～
        <el-date-picker
            v-model="curEndYear"
            type="year"
            :picker-options="endPickerOptions"
            format="yyyy"
            value-format="yyyy"
            @change="handleChangeEnd"
            :default-value="defaultValue"
        >
        </el-date-picker>
      </a-form-model-item>

定义初始值，修改:picker-options属性

 data() {
    return {
       curStartYear: "",
       curEndYear: "",
       startPickerOptions: {},
       endPickerOptions: {},
       defaultValue: '',
    }
},
//调用接口，将接口传回除外的年份置灰
methods:{
    //限制年份可选范围
    getStartPickerOptions() {
      let result = this.years.map(v => {
        return v.label
      });
      this.minYearStart = Math.min(...result)
      this.minYearEnd = Math.max(...result)
      //定位初始年份在可选年份区间，而不是系统默认年份
      this.defaultValue = new Date();
      this.defaultValue.setFullYear(Math.min(...result))

      console.log('min', this.minYearStart)
      console.log('max', this.minYearEnd)
      this.startPickerOptions = Object.assign({}, this.startPickerOptions, {
        disabledDate: (time) => {
          return time.getFullYear() < this.minYearStart || time.getFullYear() > this.minYearEnd
        }
      });
      this.endPickerOptions = Object.assign({}, this.endPickerOptions, {
        disabledDate: (time) => {
          return time.getFullYear() < this.minYearStart || time.getFullYear() > this.minYearEnd
        }
      });
    },
}