SpringCloud Gateway + Nacos 多模块下整合swagger2
前言:
我们经常在springboot单体项目中,集成swagger来整合接口文档;
但是在微服务springcloud项目下,业务模块众多,如果再像之前一样单独访问每个模块的 swagger-ui.html ,则非常麻烦,怎么解决呢???
既然我们已经通过 nacos和gateway 实现统一访问,那我们也可以通过网关将所有的应用的swagger界面聚合起来。
这样前端开发的时候只需要访问网关的swagger就可以,而不用访问每个应用的swagger。
Spring Cloud Gateway集成Swagger2
整体项目结构如下:
|-springcloud demo
|-----service-gateway //网关
|-----service-order //订单服务
|-----service-user //用户服务
1、服务接口(订单order & 用户User)
由于服务接口订单和用户两个模块其实属性是差不多,只是接口不一样,因此就随便挑一个服务的配置来说吧
service-user:用户服务的接口
每个微服务只需要引入和swagger相关的依赖即可
同时引入nacos依赖,pom.xml文件相关配置如下:
<!--Nacos-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--Swagger相关-->
<dependency>
<groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
<artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
<artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId>
</dependency>
接下来是配置swagger的相关配置,SwaggerConfig.java配置如下:
@Configuration
@EnableSwagger2
@RequiredArgsConstructor
public class SwaggerConfig {
private final SwaggerProperties swaggerProperties;
@Value("${token.requestHeader}")
private String requestHeader;
@Value("${token.startWith}")
private String startWith;
@Bean
@SuppressWarnings("all")
public Docket createRestApi() {
ParameterBuilder ticketPar = new ParameterBuilder();
List<Parameter> pars = new ArrayList<>();
ticketPar.name(requestHeader).description("token")
.modelRef(new ModelRef("string"))
.parameterType("header")
.defaultValue(startWith)
.required(true)
.build();
pars.add(ticketPar.build());
return new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2)
.enable(swaggerProperties.getEnabled())
.apiInfo(apiInfo())
.host(swaggerProperties.getHost())
.select()
.apis(RequestHandlerSelectors.basePackage("com.xx.controller")) //指定扫描的包名, 如果不指定会扫描整个项目
.paths(Predicates.not(PathSelectors.regex("/error.*")))
.build()
.globalOperationParameters(pars);
}
private ApiInfo apiInfo() {
return new ApiInfoBuilder()
.description(swaggerProperties.getDescription())
.title(swaggerProperties.getTitle())
.version(swaggerProperties.getVersion())
.build();
}
}
SwaggerProperties.java
@Data
@Configuration
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "swagger")
public class SwaggerProperties {
// 是否启用swagger
private Boolean enabled;
// 描述
private String description;
// 标题
private String title;
//版本
private String version;
// ip和host
private String host;
}
application.yml
server:
port: 8001
spring:
application:
name: user
cloud:
nacos:
server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848
discovery:
server-addr: ${spring.cloud.nacos.server-addr}
token:
startWith: Bearer
requestHeader: Authorization
swagger:
enabled: true
host: 127.0.0.1:${server.port}
description: springcloud
title: swagger 接口文档
version: @project.version@
开启客户端
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableFeignClients
@EnableSwagger2
public class UserApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(UserApplication.class, args);
}
}
当然,在服务的模块中还有和自己服务相关的业务接口(Controller代码),在这里就不列举了
订单模块(service-order)的代码配置和用户是类似的
2、文档聚合
有了nacos注册中心,服务模块的接口也已完成,最后一步是把我们所有的微服务都聚合到一个文档,统一输出到前端,供开发者调用了
引入依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
<artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
<artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId>
</dependency>
application文件配置
server:
port: 8080
spring:
cloud:
nacos:
server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848
discovery:
server-addr: ${spring.cloud.nacos.server-addr}
gateway:
discovery:
locator:
enabled: true #开启从注册中心动态创建路由的功能,利用微服务名进行路由
routes:
- id: user_route
uri: lb://user
predicates:
- Path=/api/user/**
filters:
- StripPrefix=2 // 去掉路径的前缀,具体等级根据path 确定
- id: order_route
uri: lb://order
predicates:
- Path=/api/order/**
filters:
- SwaggerHeaderFilter // 如果是高版本的SpringCloud Gateway,则去掉,否则会报错
- StripPrefix=2
文档聚合业务编码
在我们使用Spring Boot等单体架构集成swagger项目时,是通过对包路径进行业务分组,然后在前端进行不同模块的展示,而在微服务架构下,我们的一个服务就类似于原来我们写的一个业务组
springfox-swagger提供的分组接口是swagger-resource,返回的是分组接口名称、地址等信息
在Spring Cloud微服务架构下,我们需要重写该接口,主要是通过网关的注册中心动态发现所有的微服务文档,代码如下:
@Configuration
@Primary
@RequiredArgsConstructor
public class SwaggerResourceConfig implements SwaggerResourcesProvider {
private final RouteLocator routeLocator;
private final GatewayProperties gatewayProperties;
@Override
public List<SwaggerResource> get() {
List<SwaggerResource> resources = new ArrayList<>();
List<String> routes = new ArrayList<>();
routeLocator.getRoutes().subscribe(route -> routes.add(route.getId()));
gatewayProperties.getRoutes().stream().filter(routeDefinition -> routes.contains(routeDefinition.getId())).forEach(route -> {
route.getPredicates().stream()
.filter(predicateDefinition -> ("Path").equalsIgnoreCase(predicateDefinition.getName()))
.forEach(predicateDefinition -> resources.add(swaggerResource(route.getId(),
predicateDefinition.getArgs().get(NameUtils.GENERATED_NAME_PREFIX + "0")
.replace("/**", "/v2/api-docs"))));
});
return resources;
}
private SwaggerResource swaggerResource(String name, String location) {
SwaggerResource swaggerResource = new SwaggerResource();
swaggerResource.setName(name);
swaggerResource.setLocation(location);
swaggerResource.setSwaggerVersion("2.0");
return swaggerResource;
}
}
接口:
@RestController
public class SwaggerHandler {
@Autowired(required = false)
private SecurityConfiguration securityConfiguration;
@Autowired(required = false)
private UiConfiguration uiConfiguration;
private final SwaggerResourcesProvider swaggerResources;
@Autowired
public SwaggerHandler(SwaggerResourcesProvider swaggerResources) {
this.swaggerResources = swaggerResources;
}
@GetMapping("/swagger-resources/configuration/security")
public Mono<ResponseEntity<SecurityConfiguration>> securityConfiguration() {
return Mono.just(new ResponseEntity<>(
Optional.ofNullable(securityConfiguration).orElse(SecurityConfigurationBuilder.builder().build()), HttpStatus.OK));
}
@GetMapping("/swagger-resources/configuration/ui")
public Mono<ResponseEntity<UiConfiguration>> uiConfiguration() {
return Mono.just(new ResponseEntity<>(
Optional.ofNullable(uiConfiguration).orElse(UiConfigurationBuilder.builder().build()), HttpStatus.OK));
}
@GetMapping("/swagger-resources")
public Mono<ResponseEntity> swaggerResources() {
return Mono.just((new ResponseEntity<>(swaggerResources.get(), HttpStatus.OK)));
}
}
启动配置
// 注意:这里不能添加 @EnableSwagger2
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableFeignClients
public class GateWayApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(GateWayApplication.class, args);
}
}
文档展示
最后分别依次启动项目:
- service-user
- service-order
- service-gateway
打开文档地址:http://localhost:8080/swagger-ui.html
注意点
在集成Spring Cloud Gateway网关的时候,会出现没有basePath的情况(即定义的例如/user、/order等微服务的前缀), ,因此,在Gateway网关需要添加一个Filter实体Bean,代码如下:
@Component
public class SwaggerHeaderFilter extends AbstractGatewayFilterFactory {
private static final String HEADER_NAME = "X-Forwarded-Prefix";
private static final String URI = "/v2/api-docs";
@Override
public GatewayFilter apply(Object config) {
return (exchange, chain) -> {
ServerHttpRequest request = exchange.getRequest();
String path = request.getURI().getPath();
if (!StringUtils.endsWithIgnoreCase(path,URI )) {
return chain.filter(exchange);
}
String basePath = path.substring(0, path.lastIndexOf(URI));
ServerHttpRequest newRequest = request.mutate().header(HEADER_NAME, basePath).build();
ServerWebExchange newExchange = exchange.mutate().request(newRequest).build();
return chain.filter(newExchange);
};
}
}
然后在配置文件指定这个filter
spring:
cloud:
nacos:
server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848
discovery:
server-addr: ${spring.cloud.nacos.server-addr}
gateway:
discovery:
locator:
enabled: true #开启从注册中心动态创建路由的功能,利用微服务名进行路由
routes:
- id: user_route
uri: lb://user
predicates:
- Path=/api/user/**
filters:
- SwaggerHeaderFilter
- StripPrefix=2 // 去掉路径的前缀,具体等级根据path 确定
- id: order_route
uri: lb://order
predicates:
- Path=/api/order/**
filters:
- SwaggerHeaderFilter // 如果是高版本的SpringCloud Gateway,则去掉,否则会报错
- StripPrefix=2
特别注意:如果是高版本的Spring Cloud Gateway,那么yml配置文件中的SwaggerHeaderFilter配置应该去掉
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