实现效果：

调用后端接口后，后端返回的数据：

1.在项目components/base下新建UploadNew.vue文件（上传图片公共组件）

<template>
  <div class="clearfix">
    <a-upload
      v-model:file-list="fileList"
      action="/platform-gateway/platform-file/security/chain"
      list-type="picture-card"
       :headers="headers"
      @preview="handlePreview"
      @change="handleChange" 
    >
      <div v-if="fileList.length < props.limit">
        <plus-outlined />
        <div style="margin-top: 8px">上传</div>
      </div>
    </a-upload>
    <a-modal :open="previewVisible" :title="previewTitle" :footer="null" @cancel="handleCancel">
      <img alt="example" style="width: 100%" :src="previewImage" />
    </a-modal>
  </div>
</template>
<script lang="ts" setup>
import { PlusOutlined } from '@ant-design/icons-vue';
import { ref } from 'vue';
import type { UploadChangeParam, UploadProps } from 'ant-design-vue';
import { HttpClientUtils } from '../../configure/http/httpClientUtils'

interface Props {
  accept: string, // 上传文件的格式,
  limit: number,//上传图片数量
  fileListJson :UploadProps['fileList']
}
const props = defineProps<Props>()
function getBase64(file: File) {
  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
    const reader = new FileReader();
    reader.readAsDataURL(file);
    reader.onload = () => resolve(reader.result);
    reader.onerror = error => reject(error);
  });
}

const previewVisible = ref(false);
const previewImage = ref('');
const previewTitle = ref('');
//调用后端接口请求头
const headers = {
    authorization: HttpClientUtils.getToken(),
    platform: 'WEB',
    serviceCode: 'athletics-service'
}
const $emit = defineEmits(["uploadDone"]) 
const fileList = ref<UploadProps['fileList']>([
 
]);
if (props.fileListJson) {
    fileList.value = props.fileListJson
}
const handleCancel = () => {
  previewVisible.value = false;
  previewTitle.value = '';
};

const handlePreview = async (file: UploadProps['fileList'][number]) => {
  if (!file.url && !file.preview) {
    file.preview = (await getBase64(file.originFileObj)) as string;
  }
  previewImage.value = file.url || file.preview;
  previewVisible.value = true;
  previewTitle.value = file.name || file.url.substring(file.url.lastIndexOf('/') + 1);
};

const handleChange = (info: UploadChangeParam) => {
  if (info.file.status === 'done') {
    //   imageId.value = 'http://192.168.5.13/platform-gateway/platform-file/security/chain?fileName=' + info.file.response.data[0] + '&serviceCode=athletics-service'
      $emit("uploadDone", info.fileList)
  }
};
</script>

<style scoped>
/* you can make up upload button and sample style by using stylesheets */
.ant-upload-select-picture-card i {
  font-size: 32px;
  color: #999;
}

.ant-upload-select-picture-card .ant-upload-text {
  margin-top: 8px;
  color: #666;
}
</style>

2.页面中使用

先引入：import AntdUploadFile  from "@/components/base/UploadNew.vue";

定义：

const props = defineProps({

  data: {} as any,

})//点编辑时父组件传入的回显数据

const fileListJson = ref<UploadProps['fileList']>([]);//封面

const fileListJson1 = ref<UploadProps['fileList']>([]);//轮播图

const formData = reactive({
  venue: {
    headerUrl:props.data?.headerUrl,
    bannerUrl:props.data?.bannerUrl,
  },
})

2.1 表单样式、使用组件

  <a-form-item :name="['venue', 'headerUrl']" label="封面图" :rules="[{ required: true }]">
      <AntdUploadFile
      :fileListJson="fileListJson"
      :limit="1" 
      accept="" 
      type="frontIdcard" 
      @upload-load="onUploading"
      @upload-done="onUploadDone" 
      >
      </AntdUploadFile>

    </a-form-item>
    <a-form-item :name="['venue', 'bannerUrl']" label="场馆轮播" :rules="[{ required: true }]">
    <AntdUploadFile
      :limit="4" 
      accept="" 
      :fileListJson="fileListJson1"
      type="frontIdcard1" 
      @upload-load="onUploading1"
      @upload-done="onUploadDone1" 
      >
      </AntdUploadFile>
    </a-form-item>

2.2 上传图片成功 ，点保存后传给后端

// 封面图片上传成功（单个图）
const onUploadDone = (fileList: any) => {
  // 文件上传成功后返回的文件信息 type，是为了一个页面引用多少文件上传作的区分
  if (fileList.length) {
        formData.venue.headerUrl= fileList[0].response.data
  
  }
  console.log( formData.venue.headerUrl,"上传成功后的参数 ", fileList);
}
// 轮播图片上传成功（多张图）
const onUploadDone1 = (fileList: any) => {
  // 文件上传成功后返回的文件信息 type，是为了一个页面引用多少文件上传作的区分
  let bannerUrl = []
  if (fileList.length) {
    for (let i = 0; i < fileList.length; i++) {
      if (fileList[i].response) {
               bannerUrl.push({
               "url":fileList[i].response.data,
              })
      } else {
     //将fileName= 后面的数据和&前的数据截取push到url后，转为json字符串传给后端
        const index = fileList[i].url.indexOf('fileName=')
        let newIndex: any
        if (index !== -1) {
          const start = fileList[i].url.slice(index + 'fileName='.length)
          const endIndex = start.indexOf('&')
          if (endIndex !== -1) {
            newIndex = start.slice(0,endIndex)
          }
        }
          bannerUrl.push({
            "url": newIndex,
           })
         }     
       }
  }
  formData.venue.bannerUrl =JSON.stringify(bannerUrl) 
}

2.3 点编辑时回显（因本接口后端返回的数据需要拼接，可根据自行情况修改）

if (props.data.bannerUrl||props.data.headerUrl) {
              fileListJson.value.push({
               "url":'http://platform-file/security/chain?fileName=' + props.data.headerUrl + '&serviceCode=athletics-service',
              })
  const bannerList =  JSON.parse(props.data.bannerUrl)//json字符串转为数组
  console.log(bannerList,'里面有这个图片吗')
            for (let i = 0;i< bannerList.length;i++) {
              fileListJson1.value.push({
               "url":'后端返回的地址',
              })
  }
 
}