Python生成Excel文件的三种方法

1. 类库xlwt/xlrd

• 用于生成和读取比较老的excel文件，比如xls格式，最大行数限制为65536行
• 文档地址：https://xlwt.readthedocs.io/en/latest/

2. 类库openpyxl

• 用于生成2010之后新的excel文件，比如xlsx格式
• 文档地址：https://openpyxl.readthedocs.io/en/stable/

3. 类库pandas

• pandas是最强大的数据分析库，自带excel读取和生成模块
• 文档地址：https://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/stable/reference/api/pandas.DataFrame.to_excel.html

0、读取txt文件

columns = []
datas = []
with open("./pvuv.txt") as fin:
    is_first_line = True
    for line in fin:
        line = line[:-1]
        if is_first_line:
            is_first_line = False
            columns = line.split("\t")
            continue
        
        datas.append(line.split("\t"))

1、使用xlwt生成xls的excel文件

# pip install xlwt
import xlwt
workbook = xlwt.Workbook(encoding='utf-8')
sheet = workbook.add_sheet('pvuv_sheet')

# 写入标题
for col,column in enumerate(columns):
    sheet.write(0, col, column)
# 写入每一行
for row, data in enumerate(datas):
    for col, column_data in enumerate(data):
        sheet.write(row+1, col, column_data)

workbook.save('./output/pvuv_xlwt.xls')

2、使用openpyxl生成xlsx的excel文件

# pip install openpyxl
from openpyxl import Workbook
workbook = Workbook()

# 默认sheet
sheet = workbook.active
sheet.title = "默认sheet"
# sheet = workbook.create_sheet(title="新sheet")
sheet.append(columns)
for data in datas:
    sheet.append(data)

workbook.save('./output/pvuv_openpyxl.xlsx')

3、使用pandas生成excel文件

# pip install pandas
import pandas as pd
# 读取文本文件
data = pd.read_csv("./pvuv.txt", sep="\t")
data.to_excel("./output/pvuv_pandas.xls", index=False)