ERROR: Could not build wheels for pymssql, which is required to install pyproject.toml-based project
然后输入import pymssql，如下图所示则表示安装成功了。在开发过程中遇到的问题，文档写的比较急，有问题欢迎评论区留言。在终端下输入：Python。
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问答
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背景：m2在终端下想要访问SQLserver数据库，就需要在Python中安装pymssql的模块，我用的是pip命令安装的，命令pip install ,具体报错信息如下；
pip install pymssql ✔ took 7s base Py at 11:38:10
Collecting pymssql
Downloading pymssql-2.2.7.tar.gz (170 kB)
━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ 171.0/171.0 kB 330.8 kB/s eta 0:00:00
Installing build dependencies ... done
Getting requirements to build wheel ... done
Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml) ... done
Building wheels for collected packages: pymssql
Building wheel for pymssql (pyproject.toml) ... error
error: subprocess-exited-with-error
× Building wheel for pymssql (pyproject.toml) did not run successfully.
│ exit code: 1
╰─> [25 lines of output]
setup.py: platform.system() => Darwin
setup.py: platform.architecture() => ('64bit', '')
setup.py: platform.libc_ver() => ('', '')
setup.py: include_dirs => []
setup.py: library_dirs => []
running bdist_wheel
running build
running build_py
creating build
creating build/lib.macosx-11.1-arm64-cpython-39
creating build/lib.macosx-11.1-arm64-cpython-39/pymssql
copying src/pymssql/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-11.1-arm64-cpython-39/pymssql
running build_ext
cythoning src/pymssql/_mssql.pyx to src/pymssql/_mssql.c
cythoning src/pymssql/_pymssql.pyx to src/pymssql/_pymssql.c
building 'pymssql._mssql' extension
creating build/temp.macosx-11.1-arm64-cpython-39
creating build/temp.macosx-11.1-arm64-cpython-39/src
creating build/temp.macosx-11.1-arm64-cpython-39/src/pymssql
clang -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -Wunreachable-code -DNDEBUG -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -fPIC -O2 -isystem /Users/wuzhanxi/opt/anaconda3/include -arch arm64 -I/Users/wuzhanxi/opt/anaconda3/include -fPIC -O2 -isystem /Users/wuzhanxi/opt/anaconda3/include -arch arm64 -I/Users/wuzhanxi/opt/anaconda3/include/python3.9 -c src/pymssql/_mssql.c -o build/temp.macosx-11.1-arm64-cpython-39/src/pymssql/_mssql.o -DMSDBLIB
src/pymssql/_mssql.c:747:10: fatal error: 'sqlfront.h' file not found
#include "sqlfront.h"
^~~~~~~~~~~~
1 error generated.
error: command '/usr/bin/clang' failed with exit code 1
[end of output]
note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
ERROR: Failed building wheel for pymssql
Failed to build pymssql
ERROR: Could not build wheels for pymssql, which is required to install pyproject.toml-based projects
解决方案：
第一步：用brew安装freetds openssl
brew install freetds openssl
执行完显示如下；
brew install freetds openssl 1 ✘ base Py at 12:22:39
Running `brew update --auto-update`...
Error: Failed to download https://formulae.brew.sh/api/formula.jws.json!
Failed to download https://formulae.brew.sh/api/cask.jws.json!
==> Downloading https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/homebrew-bottles/api/formula.jws.json
curl: (28) Failed to connect to mirrors.ustc.edu.cn port 443 after 75014 ms: Operation timed out
==> Downloading https://formulae.brew.sh/api/formula.jws.json
curl: (28) Failed to connect to formulae.brew.sh port 443 after 262505 ms: Operation timed out
Warning: formula.jws.json: update failed, falling back to cached version.
==> Downloading https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/homebrew-bottles/api/cask.jws.json
curl: (28) Failed to connect to mirrors.ustc.edu.cn port 443 after 75025 ms: Operation timed out
==> Downloading https://formulae.brew.sh/api/cask.jws.json
curl: (28) Failed to connect to formulae.brew.sh port 443 after 262513 ms: Operation timed out
Warning: cask.jws.json: update failed, falling back to cached version.
==> Fetching dependencies for freetds: m4, libtool, and unixodbc
==> Fetching m4
==> Downloading https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/homebrew-bottles/m4-1.4.19.arm64_ventura.bottle.tar.gz
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Fetching libtool
==> Downloading https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/homebrew-bottles/libtool-2.4.7.arm64_ventura.bottle.tar.gz
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Fetching unixodbc
==> Downloading https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/homebrew-bottles/unixodbc-2.3.11.arm64_ventura.bottle.tar.gz
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Fetching freetds
==> Downloading https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/homebrew-bottles/freetds-1.3.18.arm64_ventura.bottle.tar.gz
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Fetching openssl@3
==> Downloading https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/homebrew-bottles/openssl%403-3.1.0.arm64_ventura.bottle.tar.gz
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Installing dependencies for freetds: m4, libtool, and unixodbc
==> Installing freetds dependency: m4
==> Pouring m4-1.4.19.arm64_ventura.bottle.tar.gz
🍺 /opt/homebrew/Cellar/m4/1.4.19: 13 files, 742.2KB
==> Installing freetds dependency: libtool
==> Pouring libtool-2.4.7.arm64_ventura.bottle.tar.gz
🍺 /opt/homebrew/Cellar/libtool/2.4.7: 75 files, 3.8MB
==> Installing freetds dependency: unixodbc
==> Pouring unixodbc-2.3.11.arm64_ventura.bottle.tar.gz
🍺 /opt/homebrew/Cellar/unixodbc/2.3.11: 48 files, 2.3MB
==> Installing freetds
==> Pouring freetds-1.3.18.arm64_ventura.bottle.tar.gz
🍺 /opt/homebrew/Cellar/freetds/1.3.18: 1,262 files, 14MB
==> Running `brew cleanup freetds`...
Disable this behaviour by setting HOMEBREW_NO_INSTALL_CLEANUP.
Hide these hints with HOMEBREW_NO_ENV_HINTS (see `man brew`).
==> Pouring openssl@3-3.1.0.arm64_ventura.bottle.tar.gz
==> Caveats
A CA file has been bootstrapped using certificates from the system
keychain. To add additional certificates, place .pem files in
/opt/homebrew/etc/openssl@3/certs
and run
/opt/homebrew/opt/openssl@3/bin/c_rehash
openssl@3 is keg-only, which means it was not symlinked into /opt/homebrew,
because macOS provides LibreSSL.
If you need to have openssl@3 first in your PATH, run:
echo 'export PATH="/opt/homebrew/opt/openssl@3/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.zshrc
For compilers to find openssl@3 you may need to set:
export LDFLAGS="-L/opt/homebrew/opt/openssl@3/lib"
export CPPFLAGS="-I/opt/homebrew/opt/openssl@3/include"
==> Summary
🍺 /opt/homebrew/Cellar/openssl@3/3.1.0: 6,494 files, 28.4MB
==> Running `brew cleanup openssl@3`...
==> `brew cleanup` has not been run in the last 30 days, running now...
Disable this behaviour by setting HOMEBREW_NO_INSTALL_CLEANUP.
Hide these hints with HOMEBREW_NO_ENV_HINTS (see `man brew`).
Removing: /Users/wuzhanxi/Library/Caches/Homebrew/redis--7.0.9.arm64_ventura.bottle.tar.gz... (1006.8KB)
Removing: /Users/wuzhanxi/Library/Logs/Homebrew/redis... (64B)
Removing: /Users/wuzhanxi/Library/Logs/Homebrew/ca-certificates... (64B)
Removing: /Users/wuzhanxi/Library/Logs/Homebrew/openssl@1.1... (64B)
Pruned 0 symbolic links and 6 directories from /opt/homebrew
==> Caveats
==> openssl@3
A CA file has been bootstrapped using certificates from the system
keychain. To add additional certificates, place .pem files in
/opt/homebrew/etc/openssl@3/certs
and run
/opt/homebrew/opt/openssl@3/bin/c_rehash
openssl@3 is keg-only, which means it was not symlinked into /opt/homebrew,
because macOS provides LibreSSL.
If you need to have openssl@3 first in your PATH, run:
echo 'export PATH="/opt/homebrew/opt/openssl@3/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.zshrc
For compilers to find openssl@3 you may need to set:
export LDFLAGS="-L/opt/homebrew/opt/openssl@3/lib"
export CPPFLAGS="-I/opt/homebrew/opt/openssl@3/include"
第二步：根据上面的信息提示，将一些环境变量配置到~/.zshrc中
分别执行命令如下；
echo 'export LDFLAGS="-L/opt/homebrew/opt/freetds/lib -L/opt/homebrew/opt/openssl@3/lib"' >> ~/.zshrc
echo 'export CFLAGS="-I/opt/homebrew/opt/freetds/include"' >> ~/.zshrc
echo 'export CPPFLAGS="-I/opt/homebrew/opt/openssl@3/include"' >> ~/.zshrc
第三步：让配置文件立即生效
source ~/.zshrc
第四步：安装pymssql
pip install pymssql
执行完显示如下；
Collecting pymssql
Using cached pymssql-2.2.7.tar.gz (170 kB)
Installing build dependencies ... done
Getting requirements to build wheel ... done
Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml) ... done
Building wheels for collected packages: pymssql
Building wheel for pymssql (pyproject.toml) ... done
Created wheel for pymssql: filename=pymssql-2.2.7-cp39-cp39-macosx_11_0_arm64.whl size=251793 sha256=c96a522d744214a9c3b4d57d9500851e7c4a8dfdc2776bb26423c6e76faa14df
Stored in directory: /Users/wuzhanxi/Library/Caches/pip/wheels/73/6e/49/95defb17087171edcc2306c7118331b3ce4a7d6c71d113496e
Successfully built pymssql
Installing collected packages: pymssql
Successfully installed pymssql-2.2.7
第五步：验证是否安装pymssql 成功了
在终端下输入：Python
然后输入import pymssql，如下图所示则表示安装成功了
~/m/s/code_environment/python_all_package python ✔ took 40s base Py at 13:37:20
Python 3.9.13 (main, Aug 25 2022, 18:24:45)
[Clang 12.0.0 ] :: Anaconda, Inc. on darwin
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import pymssql
>>>
在开发过程中遇到的问题，文档写的比较急，有问题欢迎评论区留言
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