大一下学期写的C语言程序设计实验报告——学生成绩管理系统课程设计与实现

此篇为“实现篇”o~

目录

 一、界面效果

二、代码实现

 一、界面效果

1.登录账号

2.注册账号

3.登录成功选择用户端

4.进入教师端

5.录入信息

6.浏览信息

7.删除信息

8.修改信息

9.查找信息

10.排序成绩

11.进入学生端，根据学号查找信息

12.学生端，浏览班级成绩排名

二、代码实现

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>
struct student
{
    char name[20];
    char num[20];
    int math;
    int Cgrade;
    int English;
    int total;
};
struct teacher
{
    char ac[30];//账号
    char pw[30];//密码
};
struct teacher tea[50];
struct Node
{
    struct student data;
    struct Node *next;
};
struct Node *createList()
{
    struct Node *listHeadNode=(struct Node*)malloc(sizeof(struct Node));
    listHeadNode->next=NULL;
    return listHeadNode;
};
struct Node* list=NULL;
struct Node *createNode(struct student data)
{
    struct Node *newNode=(struct Node*)malloc(sizeof(struct Node));
    newNode->data=data;
    newNode->next=NULL;
    return newNode;
};

//插入链表   录入信息
void insertNodeByHead(struct Node* listHeadNode,struct student data)
{
    struct Node *newNode=createNode(data);
    newNode->next=listHeadNode->next;
    listHeadNode->next=newNode;

}
//删除信息
void deleteNodeByAppoinNum(struct Node* listHeadNode,char* num)
{
    struct Node* posFrontNode=listHeadNode;
    struct Node* posNode=listHeadNode->next;
    if(posNode==NULL)
    {
        printf("无相关内容，无法删除！\n");
    }
    else
    {
        while(strcmp(posNode->data.num,num))
        {
            posFrontNode=posNode;
            posNode=posFrontNode->next;
            if(posNode==NULL)
            {
                printf("无相关内容，无法删除！\n");
            }
        }
        posFrontNode->next=posNode->next;
        free(posNode);
        printf("信息删除成功！\n");

    }

}
// 按总分从高到低排序学生成绩
struct Node *sortStudentListByTotal(struct Node *listHeadNode)
{
    if(listHeadNode != NULL)
    {
        struct Node *p1, *p2, *max;
        struct student s;

        p1 = listHeadNode;
        // 简单选择排序
        // 直接交换信息，不改变结点
        while((p1=p1->next) != NULL)
        {
            max = p1;
            p2 = p1;
            while((p2=p2->next) != NULL)
            {
                if((p2->data).total > (max->data).total)
                    max = p2;
            }

            if(max != p1)
            {
                s = p1->data;
                p1->data = max->data;
                max->data = s;
            }
        }
    }
    return listHeadNode;
}
//根据学号查找信息
struct Node* searchNodeByAppoinNum(struct Node* listHeadNode,char* num)
{
    struct Node* pMove=listHeadNode->next;
    if(pMove==NULL)
    {
        return pMove;
    }
    else
    {
        while(strcmp(pMove->data.num,num))
        {
            pMove=pMove->next;
            if(pMove==NULL)
            {
                break;
            }
        }
        return pMove;
    }
};
//打印当前信息
void printNode(struct Node* curNode)
{
    printf("学号  姓名  数学  C语言  英语  总成绩\n");
    printf(" %s    %s    %d    %d     %d     %d\n",curNode->data.num,curNode->data.name,curNode->data.math,curNode->data.Cgrade,curNode->data.English,curNode->data.total);
}
//打印 浏览信息
void printList(struct Node* listHeadNode)
{

    struct Node* pMove=listHeadNode->next;
    printf("学号  姓名  数学  C语言  英语  总成绩\n");
    while (pMove)
    {
        printf(" %s    %s    %d    %d     %d     %d\n",pMove->data.num,pMove->data.name,pMove->data.math,pMove->data.Cgrade,pMove->data.English,pMove->data.total);
        pMove=pMove->next;
    }
    printf("\n");

}
//从文件中读取信息
void readInfoFromFile(char *fileName,struct Node* listHeadNode)
{
    FILE* fp=fopen(fileName,"r");
    if(fp==NULL)
    {
        fp=fopen(fileName,"w");
    }
    struct student tempData;
    while(fscanf(fp,"%s\t%s\t%d\t%d\t%d\t%d",tempData.num,tempData.name,&tempData.math,&tempData.Cgrade,&tempData.English,&tempData.total)!=EOF)
    {
        insertNodeByHead(listHeadNode,tempData);
        memset(&tempData,0,sizeof(tempData));
    }
    fclose(fp);
}
//保存到文件
void saveInfoToFile(char *fileName,struct Node* listHeadNode)
{
    FILE* fp=fopen(fileName,"w");
    struct Node* pMove=listHeadNode->next;

    while (pMove)
    {
        fprintf(fp,"%s\t%s\t%d\t%d\t%d\t%d\n",pMove->data.num,pMove->data.name,pMove->data.math,pMove->data.Cgrade,pMove->data.English,pMove->data.total);
        pMove=pMove->next;
    }
    fclose(fp);
}
//系统菜单
void Menu()
{
    printf("---------------【学生管理系统】---------------\n\n");
    printf("\t\t0.退出系统\n");
    printf("\t\t1.教师端\n");
    printf("\t\t2.学生端\n");
    printf("\t\t3.退出登录\n");
    printf("----------------------------------------------\n");
    printf("请选择身份（请输入0-3）:");
}
//系统菜单功能
void Key()
{
    int userKey;
    struct student tempData;
    scanf("%d",&userKey);
    switch(userKey)
    {
    case 0:
        printf("\t\t【退出系统】\n");
        system("pause");
        exit(0);
        break;
    case 1:
        while(1)
        {
            system("cls");
            systemMenu();
            keyDown();
            system("pause");
        }

        break;
    case 2:
        while(1)
        {
            system("cls");
            stuMenu();
            stuKeyDown();
            system("pause");
        }

        break;
    case 3:
        while(1)
        {
            system("cls");
            Hello();
            system("pause");
        }

        break;
    default:
        printf("输入错误！请重新输入:");
        break;
    }

}
//学生菜单
void stuMenu()
{
    printf("---------------【学生管理系统】---------------\n\n");
    printf("------------------【学生端】------------------\n\n");
    printf("\t\t0.退出系统\n");
    printf("\t\t1.查询成绩\n");
    printf("\t\t2.浏览成绩\n");
    printf("\t\t3.返回主菜单\n");
    printf("----------------------------------------------\n");
    printf("请输入（0-3）:");
}
//学生菜单功能
void stuKeyDown()
{
    int userKey;
    struct student tempData;
    scanf("%d",&userKey);
    switch(userKey)
    {
    case 0:
        printf("\t\t【退出系统】\n");
        system("pause");
        exit(0);
        break;
    case 1:
        printf("\t\t【查找信息】\n");
        printf("请输入查找的学号：");
        scanf("%s",tempData.num);
        if(searchNodeByAppoinNum(list,tempData.num)==NULL)
        {
            printf("未找到相关信息！\n");
        }
        else
        {
            printNode(searchNodeByAppoinNum(list,tempData.num));

        }
        break;
    case 2:
        printf("\t\t【浏览成绩】\n");
        printf("总成绩由高到低排序为：\n");
        sortStudentListByTotal(list);
        printList(list);
        break;
    case 3:
        //printf("\t\t【返回主菜单】\n");
        while(1)
        {
            system("cls");
            Menu();
            Key();
            system("pause");

        }
        break;
    default:
        printf("输入错误！请重新输入:");
        break;
    }

}
//教师菜单
void systemMenu()
{
    printf("---------------【学生管理系统】---------------\n\n");
    printf("------------------【教师端】------------------\n\n");
    printf("\t\t0.退出系统\n");
    printf("\t\t1.录入信息\n");
    printf("\t\t2.浏览信息\n");
    printf("\t\t3.删除信息\n");
    printf("\t\t4.修改信息\n");
    printf("\t\t5.查找信息\n");
    printf("\t\t6.排序成绩\n");
    printf("\t\t7.返回主菜单\n");
    printf("----------------------------------------------\n");
    printf("请输入（0-7）:");
}
//教师菜单功能
void keyDown()
{
    int userKey;
    struct student tempData;
    scanf("%d",&userKey);
    switch(userKey)
    {
    case 0:
        printf("\t\t【退出系统】\n");
        system("pause");
        exit(0);
        break;
    case 1:
        printf("\t\t【录入信息】\n");
        printf("请输入学号 姓名 数学成绩 C成绩 英语成绩:\n");
        scanf("%s%s%d%d%d",tempData.num,tempData.name,&tempData.math,&tempData.Cgrade,&tempData.English);
        tempData.total=tempData.math+tempData.Cgrade+tempData.English;
         //readInfoFromFile("student.txt",list);
         if(searchNodeByAppoinNum(list,tempData.num)!=NULL)
         {
             printf("学号已存在，请重新输入！\n");
         }
         else
         {
             insertNodeByHead(list,tempData);
        saveInfoToFile("student.txt",list);
        printf("学号%s的学生信息添加成功！\n",tempData.num);
         }

        break;
    case 2:
        printf("\t\t【浏览信息】\n");
        /*if(searchNodeByAppoinNum(list,tempData.num)==NULL)
         {
             printf("学生信息为空！\n");
         }*/
        // else
         //{
             printList(list);
         //}
        break;
    case 3:
        printf("\t\t【删除信息】\n");
        printf("请输入要删除的学生学号：\n");
        scanf("%s",tempData.num);
        deleteNodeByAppoinNum(list,tempData.num);
        saveInfoToFile("student.txt",list);

        break;
    case 4:
        printf("\t\t【修改信息】\n");
        printf("请输入要修改的学生学号：\n");
        scanf("%s",tempData.num);
        if(searchNodeByAppoinNum(list,tempData.num)==NULL)
        {
            printf("未找到相关信息！\n");
        }
        else
        {
            struct Node* curNode=searchNodeByAppoinNum(list,tempData.num);
            printf("请输入新的学号 姓名 数学成绩 C成绩 英语成绩：\n");
            scanf("%s%s%d%d%d",curNode->data.num,curNode->data.name,&curNode->data.math,&curNode->data.Cgrade,&curNode->data.English);
            curNode->data.total=curNode->data.math+curNode->data.Cgrade+curNode->data.English;
            saveInfoToFile("student.txt",list);
            printf("学号%s的学生信息修改成功！\n",curNode->data.num);
        }
        break;
    case 5:
        printf("\t\t【查找信息】\n");
        printf("请输入查找的学号：");
        scanf("%s",tempData.num);
        if(searchNodeByAppoinNum(list,tempData.num)==NULL)
        {
            printf("未找到相关信息！\n");
        }
        else
        {
            printNode(searchNodeByAppoinNum(list,tempData.num));

        }
        break;
    case 6:
        printf("\t\t【排序成绩】\n");
        printf("总成绩由高到低排序为：\n");
        sortStudentListByTotal(list);
        printList(list);
        break;
    case 7:
        while(1)
        {
            system("cls");
            Menu();
            Key();
            system("pause");

        }
        break;
    default:
        printf("输入错误！请重新输入:");
        break;
    }
}
//登录界面
void Hello()
{
    int se;
    printf("---------------【学生管理系统】---------------\n\n");
    printf("-----------------【登录界面】-----------------\n\n");
    printf("\t\t0.-退出系统-\n");
    printf("\t\t1.-登录账号-\n");
    printf("\t\t2.-注册账号-\n\n");
    printf("-----------------【欢迎使用】-----------------\n\n");
    printf("请输入（0-2）：");
    scanf("%d", &se);
    switch (se)
    {
    case 1:
        login();//登录
        break;
    case 2:
        registeruser();//注册
        break;
    case 0:
        printf("\t\t【退出系统】\n");
        exit(0);
        system("pause");
        break;
    default:
        printf("输入错误！请重新输入：\n");
        break;
    }
}

// 注册账号功能
void registeruser()
{
    char ac[30];
    char pw[6],pd[6];
    int	i, a = 0;
    printf("\t\t【注册帐号】\n");
    FILE *fp = fopen("账号信息档案.txt", "ab");
    printf("请输入用户账号和密码(账号、密码可以为数字,中文字母,英文字母,符号,密码必须6位)\n\n");
    printf("请输入账号：");
    scanf("%s", ac);
    strcpy(tea[a].ac, ac);
    printf("请输入密码：");
    for (i = 0; i<6; i++)
    {
        pw[i] = _getch();
        printf("*");
        tea[a].pw[i] = pw[i];
        if (pw[i] == '\r')
        {
            printf("注册失败，请重新注册账号\n");
            return;
        }
    }
    printf("\n再次确认密码：");
    for (i = 0; i<6; i++)
    {
        pd[i] = _getch();
        printf("*");
        if (tea[a].pw[i] != pd[i])
        {
            printf("\n密码不对，请重新注册账号");
            return;
        }
    }
    fprintf(fp, "账号\t密码\n");
    fprintf(fp, "%s\t%s\n", tea[a].ac, tea[a].pw);
    printf("\n注册成功!!!\n");
    fclose(fp);
    system("pause");
    system("cls");
}

//登录账号功能
void login()
{
    char ac[30];
    char ad[20], pw;
    int	i, j, a = 0;
    int	flag = 0;

    printf("\t\t【登录账号】\n");
    for (i = 0; i<3; i++)
    {
        printf("请输入帐号:");
        scanf("%s", ac);
        printf("请输入密码:");
        for (j = 0; j<6; j++)
        {
            pw = _getch();
            printf("*");
            ad[j] = pw;
        }
        FILE *fp;
        fp = fopen("账号信息档案.txt", "r");//读取文件操作
        while (!feof(fp))
        {
            fscanf(fp, "%s %sn", tea[a].ac, tea[a].pw);
            if ((strcmp(ac, tea[a].ac) == 0) && (strcmp(ad, tea[a].pw) == 0))
            {
                flag = 1;
                fclose(fp);
                break;
            }
            a++;
        }

        if (flag == 1)
        {
            printf("\n登录成功!\n");
            system("pause");
            system("cls");
            while (1)
            {
                Menu();
                Key();
                system("pause");
                system("cls");
            }
        }
        else
        {
            printf("\n账号或者密码输入错误，你还有%d次机会，请重新输入：\n", 2 - i);
        }
    }
    if (i == 3)
    {
        printf("登录失败!\n");
        return;
    }

}

int main()
{
    //system("color 5");
    list=createList();
    readInfoFromFile("student.txt",list);
    while(1)
    {
        Hello();
        system("pause");
        system("cls");
    }
    return 0;
}