nslookup命令详解和实战例子

nslookup 主要用来诊断域名系统 (DNS) 基础结构的信息。查询DNS的记录，查询域名解析是否正常，在网络故障时用来诊断网络问题。

1. 查询域名解析地址

nslookup domain  dnsserver

例子：

nslookup sohu.com #采用默认的DNS服务器查询

nslookup sohu.com 114.114.114.114 # 采用指定的DNS服务器查询

结果如下得到sohu.com的服务器IP为 211.159.191.77

注：

1. 每个DNS服务器查询到的IP可能不相同

2. 可能查询出来的记录会出现多个

3. 对于被污染的域名，查询的结果是不准确的

root@xg:~# nslookup sohu.com
Server:         8.8.8.8
Address:        8.8.8.8#53

Non-authoritative answer:
Name:   sohu.com
Address: 211.159.191.77

root@xg:~# nslookup sohu.com 114.114.114.114
Server:         114.114.114.114
Address:        114.114.114.114#53

Non-authoritative answer:
Name:   sohu.com
Address: 211.159.191.77

2.  查询域名的指定解析类型的解析记录

格式：nslookup -type=type domain [dns-server]

其中 type 为解释类型

type	解释
A	A记录地址记录
AAAA	地址记录
AFSDB	文件系统数据库服务器记录
ATMA	ATM地址记录
CNAME	别名记录
ISDN	域名对应的ISDN号码
MB	存放指定邮箱的服务器
MG	邮件组记录
MINFO	邮件组和邮箱的信息记录
MR	改名的邮箱记录
MX	邮件服务器记录
NS	名字服务器记录
PTR	反向记录
RP	负责人记录
RT	路由穿透记录
SRV	TCP服务器信息记录
TXT	域名对应的文本信息
X25	域名对应的X.25地址记录

 实例

root@xg:~# nslookup -type=A qq.com    
Server:         114.114.114.114
Address:        114.114.114.114#53

Non-authoritative answer:
Name:   qq.com
Address: 61.129.7.47
Name:   qq.com
Address: 123.151.137.18
Name:   qq.com
Address: 183.3.226.35

root@xg:~# nslookup -type=MX qq.com
Server:         8.8.8.8
Address:        8.8.8.8#53

Non-authoritative answer:
qq.com  mail exchanger = 10 mx3.qq.com.
qq.com  mail exchanger = 20 mx2.qq.com.
qq.com  mail exchanger = 30 mx1.qq.com.

Authoritative answers can be found from:

root@xg:~# nslookup -type=PTR qq.com
Server:         8.8.8.8
Address:        8.8.8.8#53

Non-authoritative answer:
*** Can't find qq.com: No answer

Authoritative answers can be found from:
qq.com
        origin = ns1.qq.com
        mail addr = webmaster.qq.com
        serial = 1330914143
        refresh = 3600
        retry = 300
        expire = 86400
        minimum = 300

root@xg:~# nslookup -type=NS qq.com 
Server:         114.114.114.114
Address:        114.114.114.114#53

Non-authoritative answer:
qq.com  nameserver = ns4.qq.com.
qq.com  nameserver = ns2.qq.com.
qq.com  nameserver = ns1.qq.com.
qq.com  nameserver = ns3.qq.com.

Authoritative answers can be found from:

root@xg:~# nslookup -type=TXT qq.com
Server:         8.8.8.8
Address:        8.8.8.8#53

Non-authoritative answer:
qq.com  text = "v=spf1 include:spf.mail.qq.com -all"

Authoritative answers can be found from:

3. 查询全部

nslookup -query=any qq.com

root@xg:~# nslookup -query=any qq.com
Server:         114.114.114.114
Address:        114.114.114.114#53

Non-authoritative answer:
qq.com  mail exchanger = 10 mx3.qq.com.
qq.com  mail exchanger = 20 mx2.qq.com.
qq.com  mail exchanger = 30 mx1.qq.com.
Name:   qq.com
Address: 183.3.226.35
Name:   qq.com
Address: 123.151.137.18
Name:   qq.com
Address: 61.129.7.47
qq.com  nameserver = ns2.qq.com.
qq.com  nameserver = ns4.qq.com.
qq.com  nameserver = ns1.qq.com.
qq.com  nameserver = ns3.qq.com.

Authoritative answers can be found from: