spring cloud :五、分布式配置中心(spring cloud config)
在分布式系统中,每一个功能模块都能拆分成一个独立的服务,一次请求的完成,可能会调用很多个服务协调来完成,为了方便服务配置文件统一管理,更易于部署、维护,所以就需要分布式配置中心组件了,在spring cloud中,有分布式配置中心组件spring cloud config,它支持配置文件放在在配置服务的内存中,也支持放在远程Git仓库里。引入spring cloud config后,我们的外部配置文件就可以集中放置在一个git仓库里,再新建一个config server,用来管理所有的配置文件,维护的时候需要更改配置时,只需要在本地更改后,推送到远程仓库,所有的服务实例都可以通过config server来获取配置文件,这时每个服务实例就相当于配置服务的客户端config client,为了保证系统的稳定,配置服务端config server可以进行集群部署,即使某一个实例,因为某种原因不能提供服务,也还有其他的实例保证服务的继续进行。
分享一个在网上看到架构图:
下面就在前几篇的文章的基础上,作一些修改,实际感受一下。
一、新建一个maven项目:configServer
完整的pom.xml如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.gaox.configServer</groupId>
<artifactId>configServer</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>configServer</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.5.10.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<spring-cloud.version>Edgware.SR2</spring-cloud.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-config-server</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
在本地仓库创建一个lisiService-dev.properties和lisiService-prod.properties的配置文件,然后推送到远程的git仓库(这里贴出我在码云上新建的远程仓库https://gitee.com/fox9916/springCloudConfig),
lisiService-dev.properties内容如下:
name=lisi
age=18
version=dev
lisiService-prod.properties内容如下:
name=lisi
age=18
version=prod
完整的application.properties:
#服务端口
server.port=8091
#服务名称
spring.application.name=configServer
#服务注册中心
eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://localhost:8761/eureka/
#服务的git仓库地址
spring.cloud.config.server.git.uri=https://gitee.com/fox9916/springCloudConfig
#配置文件所在的目录
spring.cloud.config.server.git.search-paths=/**
#配置文件所在的分支
spring.cloud.config.label=master
#git仓库的用户名
spring.cloud.config.username=fox9916
#git仓库的密码
spring.cloud.config.password=********
在启动类上开启配置中心的注解:@EnableConfigServer
package com.gaox.configServer;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.config.server.EnableConfigServer;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableConfigServer
@EnableEurekaClient
public class ConfigServerApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ConfigServerApplication.class, args);
}
}
服务端配置完成,下面验证一下服务端的配置有没有什么问题,依次启动serviceCenter、configServer,在浏览器里输入http://localhost:8091/lisiService/dev或
http://localhost:8091/lisiService-dev.properties或http://localhost:8091/master/lisiService-dev.properties后,返回内容:
{"name":"lisiService","profiles":["dev"],"label":null,"version":"86e81c9a9c191738398d7390efa7518a90e641c3","state":null,"propertySources":[{"name":"https://gitee.com/fox9916/springCloudConfig/lisiService-dev.properties","source":{"version":"dev","age":"18","name":"lisi"}}]}
从里可以看到lisiService-dev.properties里的内容,则说明配置没有问题,如果返回内容类似,没有isiService-dev.properties里的内容,说明配置有问题,没有读取到配置文件。
证明配置服务中心可以从远程程序获取配置信息,http请求地址和资源文件映射如下:,可参考
· /{application}/{profile}[/{label}]
· /{application}-{profile}.yml
· /{label}/{application}-{profile}.yml
· /{application}-{profile}.properties
· /{label}/{application}-{profile}.properties
二、对上一篇文章中新建的lisiService作一些改动,验证一下是否能从远程仓库里读取到配置内容
在pom.xml里添加配置:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
</dependency>
在resources目录下新建文件bootstrap.properties,内容:
#开启配置服务发现
spring.cloud.config.discovery.enabled=true
#配置服务实例名称
spring.cloud.config.discovery.service-id=configServer
#配置文件所在分支
spring.cloud.config.label=master
spring.cloud.config.profile=prod
#配置服务中心
spring.cloud.config.uri=http://localhost:8091/
Application.properties配置内容不变:
server.port=8765
spring.application.name=lisiService
eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://localhost:8761/eureka/
feign.hystrix.enabled=true
LisiServerApplication.java:
package com.gaox.lisiService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.circuitbreaker.EnableCircuitBreaker;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.feign.EnableFeignClients;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.feign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.hystrix.dashboard.EnableHystrixDashboard;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
@EnableFeignClients
@RestController
@EnableHystrixDashboard
@EnableCircuitBreaker
public class LisiServiceApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(LisiServiceApplication.class, args);
}
@FeignClient(value = "helloService" ,fallback = HelloError.class)
public interface HelloService {
@RequestMapping(value = "/hello", method = RequestMethod.GET)
String hello(@RequestParam("name") String name);
}
@Component
public class HelloError implements HelloService {
@Override
public String hello(String name){
return "hello ,"+name+"! sorry ,error !";
}
}
@Autowired
private HelloService helloService;
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public String hello(@RequestParam("name")String name){
return helloService.hello(name);
}
@Value("${name}")
private String name;
@Value("${age}")
private String age;
@Value("${version}")
private String version="开发环境";
@RequestMapping("/test")
public String test(){
return "你好,我是"+name+",年龄:"+age+"岁。当前环境:"+version;
}
}
依次启动serviceCenter ,configService, lisiService ,打开浏览器访问:Http://localhost:8765/test,返回内容:
你好,我是lisi,年龄:18岁。当前环境:prod
这说明lisiService通过configService配置中心获取到了远程仓库spingCloudConfig的配置文件内容
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